A Lithium-Ion Battery Balancing Circuit Based on Synchronous Rectification

Shang, Yunlong; Zhao, Shen; Fu, Yuhong; Han, Bing; Hu, Panpan; Mi, Chris

doi:10.1109/tpel.2019.2917390

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Content may change prior to final publication. Transformer-Based topolog [19] Transformer-Based topolog [20] The It can be seen from Table I and Fig. 4 that the initial maximum voltage difference is 0.014V, which meets the balancing circuit start condition, and the balancing starts.…”

Section: 97mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Balancing speed analysis includes speed comparison analysis and analysis of the influence of switching frequency on balancing speed. Take the same transformer-based topologies [19,20,22] as the object of balancing speed comparison, and a 4-cell battery pack for example. the simulation models are built in MATLAB/Simulink, and the parameters are shown in Table I.…”

Section: A Analysis Of Balancing Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Balancing topologies based on transformers have the advantages of simple control, high balancing efficiency, and easy isolation. There have been many studies reported in recent decades [19][20][21][22][23][24]. For example, topologies based on multi-0018-9545 (c) 2021 IEEE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI 10.1109/TVT.2021.3087320, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology winding transformers were developed in [19][20][21], which have the advantages of transferring energy between any single units, but the problems of large volume and complex structure is more serious. A bi-directional transformer was used to equalize cells in the battery pack [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing research on balancing control have mainly focused on the determination of consistency index. Because it is easier to set up an experimental platform and it is common to use the battery voltage as the index of inconsistency [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], this paper uses the voltage as the index of balancing inconsistency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A Flyback Converter-Based Hybrid Balancing Method for Series-Connected Battery Pack in Electric Vehicles

Guo

Geng

Liu

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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An active balancing method based on two flyback converters is proposed for series-connected battery pack. Balanced energy can be transferred between the whole battery and any single cell. The proposed topology reduces the number of energy storage components, the volume and the cost of the balancing system. And it has the characteristics of fast balancing speed and high balancing efficiency. Based on the topology, a dual-objective hybrid control strategy is proposed, which can reduce the highest voltage and boost the lowest voltage in the charging or discharging process of the cells in one sampling period, so as to improve the balancing speed. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method has a good balancing effect and can significantly improve the consistency of series battery pack. This work is potentially significant in terms of improved reliability of battery packs and savings of costs and lives in safety-critical applications.

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Section: 97mentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: A Analysis Of Balancing Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Flyback Converter-Based Hybrid Balancing Method for Series-Connected Battery Pack in Electric Vehicles

Guo

Geng

Liu

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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A bidirectional converter with integrated voltage equalizer for series‐connected supercapacitors

Yang

Jia

Wang

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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Energy storage systems include not only a charge/discharge bidirectional converter but also a separate voltage equalizer. This paper proposes a bidirectional converter with an integrated voltage equalizer, which saves a DC-AC converter, thus significantly reducing the size, cost, and complexity of the equalization circuit. In addition, integrating the equalizer into the bidirectional converter also has a positive impact on the realization of ZVS operation. Analytical models have been established that can be used for accurate prediction, optimal design, and effective control of the proposed converter. A control strategy is proposed, which not only enables the cells to be automatically balanced when the cell string is charged/discharged but also enables ZVS operation within a wide range of voltage changes and minimizes the RMS value of the primary current. An experimental prototype of 60 W applied to nine supercapacitors (SCs) in series was built, and the experimental results verified the theoretical analysis and demonstrated the characteristics of the proposed converter.bidirectional converter, supercapacitors (SCs), voltage equalizer, voltage multiplier 1 | INTRODUCTION Supercapacitors (SCs) have been widely used in portable electronic devices, regenerative energy systems, hybrid vehicles, uninterruptible power supplies, and so on, and because of their long service life, they are expected as an alternative to traditional rechargeable batteries. [1][2][3] Since the voltage of a single SC is low, typically 0-3.0 V, multiple SCs need to be connected in series to form a string to provide a higher voltage level. Due to the slight difference in characteristics between cells and the influence of the ambient temperature, the voltage of each cell in the series-connected SC string will gradually become unbalanced.Many methods for cell balancing have been proposed, each with different advantages and disadvantages. The active balance method transfers energy through an external circuit to achieve balance between the cells. According to the energy flow mode, these methods are classified into four types: cell-to-cell, cell-to-string, string-to-cell, and cell(s)-tostring-to-cell(s). 4 Compared with other types of equalizers, string-to-cell equalizers can achieve cell balance through a single power conversion stage. The number of active switches in these equalizers is usually small, and the control method is relatively simple. The low complexity of these equalizers is very attractive, especially suitable for small-and medium-sized energy storage systems.

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A simple and effective capacitor‐based equalizer for cell‐to‐cell battery equalization

Chen

2023

Circuit Theory & Apps

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SummaryWe propose an equalizer using two capacitors along with a resistor and a cell access network to address the weakness of low equalization power for the flying‐capacitor based equalizer, which integrates the merits of simplicity and reliability in the application of cell‐to‐cell battery equalization. The equalization process is implemented by alternately charging the capacitors from high state of charge (SoC) cell and discharging the capacitors to low SoC cell, where the capacitors are run in parallel in charging and in series in discharging, and the charging or discharging duration is determined by ξ, the multiple of the time constant of the circuit. A protection is also designed to suppress the peak current occurred when initializing the equalizer due to the zero‐boot voltage of the capacitor. Theoretical analysis shows that the equalization power, which is governed by the lumped resistance of equalization path and ξ, can range from less than 1 W to greater than 6 W. The battery discharging time increases about 5.14% under constant current of 0.5 C in the experimental test. Additional advantage of our equalizer is its operating frequency as low as several Hz, which benefits hardware implementations. The equalizer can attain high equalization power through simple capacitors and a regulating resistor, which is suitable to be used for industrial applications.

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A Lithium-Ion Battery Balancing Circuit Based on Synchronous Rectification

Cited by 35 publications

References 27 publications

A Flyback Converter-Based Hybrid Balancing Method for Series-Connected Battery Pack in Electric Vehicles

A Flyback Converter-Based Hybrid Balancing Method for Series-Connected Battery Pack in Electric Vehicles

A bidirectional converter with integrated voltage equalizer for series‐connected supercapacitors

A simple and effective capacitor‐based equalizer for cell‐to‐cell battery equalization

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