A literature survey on tracer experiments for atmospheric dispersion modelling studies

Vanderborght, B.; Kretzschmar, J.G.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(84)90009-x

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…An important step was the introduction of a fluorescent-particle tracer (Nickola, 1977), which allowed a sudden increase in the range of dispersion studied, from the few hundred metres allowed by the pitch smoke studies. Other early tracer substances include sulphur dioxide (Barad, 1958;Cramer et al, 1958;Haugen, 1959), uranine dye, zinc and cadmium sulphides (Haugen and Fuquay, 1963;Fuquay et al, 1964;Nickola, 1977), krypton-85 (Nickola, 1977;Heffter et al, 1984), rhodamine B (Nickola, 1977), spores and metal oxides (Vanderborght and Kretzschmar, 1984). A more comprehensive anthology and description of these early experiments are available elsewhere (Islitzer and Slade, 1968;Draxler, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of cyclic perfluoroalkanes and SF₆ in atmospheric dispersion experiments

Martin

Petersson

Shallcross

2011

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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The study of atmospheric dispersion has become increasingly important over the last 120 years or so. Research in exposure pathways, fate of pollutants, dispersion model evaluation and validation are all reliant on experimental data. The most common atmospheric tracer compounds in use at the present time are the cyclic perfluoroalkanes and sulphur hexafluoride. These compounds are non-toxic, nonreactive and have low atmospheric background concentrations although they are recognized as greenhouse gases. This review discusses their use relative to other tracer species. A brief history of their individual analyses is included. The review then seeks to give a concise description of some representative atmospheric tracer dispersion experiments in terms of range, duration and objectives, and tracers used. Concluding remarks relating to the future use of these species are also presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of cyclic perfluoroalkanes and SF₆ in atmospheric dispersion experiments

Martin

Petersson

Shallcross

2011

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…The ATC observed were then compared with ATC modeled using a normal distribution plume equation determined by Briggs [5] for rural and urban environments, and by Doury [6] for the rural environment. These parametrizations were widely shared and used by the scientific community [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], and were established using field data, and are based on a discreet description of the atmospheric boundary layer. The parametrizations applied by Briggs depend on the Pasquill-Turner atmospheric classes [14] and the distance from the source, while Doury parametrizations depend on two stability conditions (normal diffusion and weak diffusion) and plume transfer time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of a Gaussian Plume in the Vicinity of an Urban Cyclotron Using Helium as a Tracer Gas

Laguionie

Connan²,

Tien³

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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Studies focusing on the radiological impact of fluorine 18 on populations living near to cyclotrons (<200 m) frequently assume normal distribution of atmospheric concentration for simplification purposes. On this basis, Gaussian models are used, despite their limits, as deployment requires little input data and computing resources. To estimate the ability of a Gaussian model to predict atmospheric dispersion in an urban environment, we used helium as a new passive tracer of atmospheric dispersion in the near-field range (<500 m) of the Beuvry hospital cyclotron (France). The atmospheric transfer coefficients measured in the field were compared with those modeled using a Gaussian equation. According to the results, helium is an effective tracer of atmospheric dispersion when attempting to determine atmospheric transfer coefficients ( downwind of a discharge point. The Briggs-rural, Briggs-urban and Doury Gaussian models underestimate and sometimes maximum in the prevailing weather conditions during the experiments. By compiling the results of this study with data from the literature, it appears that the maximum observed obey a power law as a function of the distance from the discharge point, for distances from the discharge point in excess of 20 m.

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“…It has a variety of applications in engineering and electronics. SFa was formerly used extensively as a tracer for atmospheric dispersion studies, but for long range experiments it is now being superseded by perfiuorocarbons having lower backgrounds [Vanderborght and Kretzschmar, 1984]. Perfiuorodecalin is a dense liquid (specific gravity 1.9) which is immiscible with water, and has a very low solubility, < 10 -7 mol L -•.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Santa Monica Basin tracer experiment: Comparison of release methods and performance of perfluorodecalin and sulfur hexafluoride

Watson¹,

Ledwell²,

Sutherland³

1991

J. Geophys. Res.

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We describe the methods used to prepare and inject sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and perfluorodecalin (PFD) for the Santa Monica Basin tracer experiment. The use of two tracers gave quasi‐independent estimates of mixing rates in the basin, as well as a check on faults in the injection procedure. PFD was the easier substance to inject, but SF6 proved to be the most useful tracer for two reasons: the SF6 measurements had a higher signal‐to‐noise ratio, and PFD showed some tendency to adsorb onto the surfaces of the sampling gear, whereas SF6 was completely inert in this respect. This surface affinity suggests that PFD may be transported to some extent by settling particles. The PFD profiles obtained 6 months after injection show some enrichment towards the bottom relative to SF6, which might be due to particulate transport.

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A literature survey on tracer experiments for atmospheric dispersion modelling studies

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

The use of cyclic perfluoroalkanes and SF₆ in atmospheric dispersion experiments

The use of cyclic perfluoroalkanes and SF₆ in atmospheric dispersion experiments

Investigation of a Gaussian Plume in the Vicinity of an Urban Cyclotron Using Helium as a Tracer Gas

The Santa Monica Basin tracer experiment: Comparison of release methods and performance of perfluorodecalin and sulfur hexafluoride

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A literature survey on tracer experiments for atmospheric dispersion modelling studies

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

The use of cyclic perfluoroalkanes and SF6 in atmospheric dispersion experiments

The use of cyclic perfluoroalkanes and SF6 in atmospheric dispersion experiments

Investigation of a Gaussian Plume in the Vicinity of an Urban Cyclotron Using Helium as a Tracer Gas

The Santa Monica Basin tracer experiment: Comparison of release methods and performance of perfluorodecalin and sulfur hexafluoride

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The use of cyclic perfluoroalkanes and SF₆ in atmospheric dispersion experiments

The use of cyclic perfluoroalkanes and SF₆ in atmospheric dispersion experiments