A Literature Review of the Opportunities and Barriers in Computer-Assisted Language Learning (Call)

Abstract

The use of computers in language instruction has been a topic of research interest since the 1960s. The following literature review gives an overview of how Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) has evolved from mainframe-based drill and practice programs to NLP-based conversational agents that function as language tutors. Further, the review examines the economic, logistic, and technical to adopting CALL. Ultimately, the review sheds light on the new opportunities presented to CALL to overcome the barriers, primarily owing to advancements in the field of adaptive learning and testing and Natural Language Processing. The following research questions have guided the literature review: 1. How has CALL developed over the years? 2. What are the barriers to CALL? 3. What are the new opportunities in CALL?