A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases

Pitton Rissardo, Jamir; Fornari Caprara, Ana Leticia

doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0070.v1

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 191 publications

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“…Drug-induced movement disorders (DIMDs) encompass a broad spectrum of neurological conditions characterized by abnormal, involuntary movements caused by exposure to specific medications [1]. These disorders are often a result of the medication's effects on the central nervous system, particularly on the neurotransmitter systems involved in motor control.…”

Section: Definition Of Drug-induced Movement Disorders (Dimds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Drug-Induced Movement Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

R. Santos

2024

Preprint

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Drug-induced movement disorders (DIMDs) are a group of neurological conditions caused by the use of certain medications. These disorders can significantly impact a person's quality of life and are essential to recognize and manage. This article provides an overview of the causes, symptoms, and treatment of DIMDs. DIMDs can manifest in various forms, including parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, dystonia, and akathisia. They are most commonly associated with medications such as neuroleptics, antidepressants, antipsychotics, antiemetics, and anticonvulsants. Risk factors for developing DIMDs include age, genetics, duration of medication use, and dose of medication. Symptoms of DIMDs can range from mild to severe and may include tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and involuntary movements. These symptoms can significantly impact a person's ability to perform daily activities and lead to social isolation and decreased quality of life. DIMD diagnoses are based on clinical evaluation, including a thorough medical history and physical examination. Imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans may also be used to rule out other possible causes of symptoms. Treatment of DIMDs involves the withdrawal of the offending medication if possible. Pharmacological treatments such as anticholinergic drugs, benzodiazepines, and dopamine agonists may also be used to manage symptoms. Non-pharmacological treatments such as physical, occupational, and speech therapy can also be beneficial. DIMDs are necessary neurological conditions that can significantly impact a person's quality of life. Early recognition and management of these disorders are essential for optimizing outcomes. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of DIMDs better and to develop more effective treatments.

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Section: Definition Of Drug-induced Movement Disorders (Dimds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Drug-Induced Movement Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

R. Santos

2024

Preprint

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“…Exposure to toxins, such as pesticides and heavy metals, has been linked to an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease. Similarly, head injuries and certain medications have been associated with the development of movement disorders [180,181]. Understanding the interplay between genetic and environmental factors is crucial for developing strategies to prevent and treat these disorders.…”

Section: Advances In Understanding Disease Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Understanding and Managing Movement Disorders: A Comprehensive Review

R. Santos

2024

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Movement disorders encompass a diverse group of neurological conditions characterized by abnormal voluntary or involuntary movements. These disorders can be classified broadly into hyperkinetic and hypokinetic disorders. Excessive, involuntary movements, including tremors, dystonia, chorea, and myoclonus characterize hyperkinetic disorders. Tremors are rhythmic, involuntary movements occurring at rest or during movement. Dystonia involves sustained muscle contractions, leading to twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures. Chorea manifests as brief, irregular, involuntary movements that flow from one body part to another. Myoclonus consists of sudden, brief muscle contractions, either spontaneous or in response to a stimulus. Hypokinetic disorders are characterized by a lack of movement or difficulty initiating movement, as seen in Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonism. Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurological disorder that primarily affects movement, causing tremors, stiffness, and difficulty with balance and coordination. Parkinsonism refers to a group of disorders with similar symptoms to Parkinson's disease but with different underlying causes. Diagnosing movement disorders involves a thorough clinical evaluation, including a detailed medical history and physical examination. Neuroimaging studies such as MRI, CT scans, and functional imaging techniques may be used to assess brain structure and function. Additionally, laboratory tests, including genetic testing and biochemical markers, can help diagnose certain movement disorders.

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“…Metabolic disorders such as Wilson's disease and hyperthyroidism [4] can also cause movement abnormalities. Structural brain lesions, including tumors [5], strokes [6], and other abnormalities, can disrupt standard movement control pathways [7], leading to movement disorders [8].…”

Section: Definition and Classification Of Secondary Movement Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Secondary Movement Disorders

R. Santos

2024

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Secondary movement disorders (SMDs) represent a heterogeneous group of neurological conditions characterized by abnormal, involuntary movements resulting from various underlying causes. This comprehensive review aims to thoroughly understand SMDs, including their epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, and management strategies. SMDs encompass a spectrum of movement abnormalities, including dystonia, chorea, athetosis, myoclonus, tics, and tremors. They can arise from a multitude of etiologies, such as drug-induced effects, post-infectious processes, metabolic disturbances, and structural brain lesions. The epidemiology of SMDs varies depending on the underlying cause, with some conditions being more prevalent in specific populations or age groups. Understanding the pathophysiology of SMDs is crucial for accurate diagnosis and targeted management. Diagnosing SMDs requires a comprehensive approach, including a detailed history, physical examination, laboratory investigations, neuroimaging studies, and sometimes electrophysiological studies. Management of SMDs is multifaceted and may involve pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and surgical interventions. Individualized treatment plans are essential, considering the underlying cause, severity of symptoms, and patient preferences. Emerging concepts in the field of SMDs include advancements in genetic research, identification of biomarkers, and development of novel therapeutic approaches. There is a growing focus on patient-centered care and improving the quality of life for individuals with SMDs. In conclusion, SMDs pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, requiring a multidisciplinary approach for optimal management. Continued research and collaboration are essential for advancing our understanding and treatment of these complex disorders.

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A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 191 publications

Understanding Drug-Induced Movement Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Understanding Drug-Induced Movement Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Advances in Understanding and Managing Movement Disorders: A Comprehensive Review

A Comprehensive Review of Secondary Movement Disorders

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