A liquid hydrogen target for the MUSE experiment at PSI

Roy, Promita; Corsetti, Sabrina; Dimond, M.; Kim, M.; Pottier, Luc Le; Lorenzon, W.; Raymond, R. S.; Reid, H.; Steinberg, Noah; Wuerfel, Noah; Deiters, K.; Briscoe, W. J.; Golossanov, A.; Rostomyan, T.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2019.162874

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Given that there are a number of lepton-proton form factor measurements at low Q 2 in progress, the present work should help with their data analysis. Apart from the mentioned experiments on muon scattering (MUSE, [31]), and updated MAMI measurements both with magnetic spectrometers but the solid hydrogen target replaced by a gas het target, as well as to measure proton recoils using such a target [32] there are also proposals for measurements in France [33] and in Japan [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of the Sachs electric form factor of the proton on the basis of recent e − p scattering experiments and hydrogen spectroscopy

Horbatsch

2020

Physics Letters B

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Recently published data on the Sachs electric form factor by the PRad collaboration (Nature 575, 147-151) are analyzed to investigate their consistency with the known proton charge radius from muonic and electronic hydrogen spectroscopy, as well as theoretical predictions from dispersively improved chiral perturbation theory. It is shown that the latter is fully consistent with the data, and pointers are given how future e − p scattering experiments can lead to an improvement of our knowledge of the form factor in the low-momentum-transfer regime. * marko@yorku.ca arXiv:1912.01735v4 [nucl-ex] 1 Feb 2020 R E = 0.879(8) fm. The radius R E enters the spectroscopic analysis via the slope of the Sachs electric form factor at zero momentum transfer squared Q 2 . The fact that hydrogen spectroscopy and e − p scattering are determining the same quantity is documented well in the literature [5].Since then, numerous efforts were undertaken to resolve the puzzle: (i) measurements on muonic deuterium [6] combined with the isotope shift, (ii) a fluorescence-based determination of the regular hydrogen 2S − 4P fine structure intervals [7], and (iii) a high-accuracy measurement of the Lamb shift in regular hydrogen [8] all pointed to a confirmation of the muonic hydrogen result; on the other hand (iv) a high-precision re-measurement of the 1S − 3S interval by the Paris group [9] continued to support the original higher value for the charge radius; this latter work is being contested by current fluorescence-detection work in Garching, which is achieving substantially higher precision.In more recent e − p scattering experiments both the Mainz group through a different method, based on intermediate-state radiation (ISR) [10] found consistency with the muonic charge radius (albeit with insufficient accuracy to make a strong case, so far), as did the PRad collaboration [11] which employed a gas jet target and measured projectile deflections directly.The situation still has the attention of both the spectroscopy and scattering communities, but the originally spread ideas that there could be new physics, i.e., that muons and electrons might behave differently have been damped by these developments.The significance of resolving the puzzle is not just academic, i.e., eventually, lattice gauge calculations within quantum chromodynamics will be able to compute at least certain aspects of the electric and magnetic form factors, and it will be good to have a solid understanding of the charge and current distributions of the proton based on experimental data. In addition, the determination of the charge radius leads to a significant change in the Rydberg constant

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of the Sachs electric form factor of the proton on the basis of recent e − p scattering experiments and hydrogen spectroscopy

Horbatsch

2020

Physics Letters B

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“…One Lakeshore Cernox ® thin film resistance cryogenic temperature sensor and one (50 Ω, 50 W) cartridge heater are inside the bottom copper block. The temperature sensor, the level sensors, and the heater are all monitored and controlled by a slow control system similar to that used in the MUSE experiment [33].…”

Section: Liquid Hydrogen Target and Scattering Chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cryo-cooler/condenser combination will closely follow the successful MUSE design [33]. We will therefore use the CH110-LT single-stage cryo-cooler from Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd [34] for refrigeration.…”

Section: Liquid Hydrogen Target and Scattering Chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Photon EXchange -- TPEX

R.¹,

R.²,

C.³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We propose a new measurement of the ratio of positron-proton to electron-proton, elastic scattering at DESY to determine the contributions beyond single-photon exchange, which are essential to the QED description of the most fundamental process in hadronic physics. A 20 cm long liquid hydrogen target together with the extracted beam from the DESY synchrotron would yield an average luminosity of 2.12 × 10 35 cm −2 •s −1 •sr −1 (∼ 200 times the luminosity achieved by OLYM-PUS). A commissioning run at 2 GeV followed by measurements at 3 GeV would provide new data up to Q 2 = 4.6 (GeV/c) 2 (twice the range of current measurements). Lead tungstate calorimeters would be used to detect the scattered leptons at polar angles of 30°, 50°, 70°, 90°, and 110°. The measurements could be scheduled to not interfere with the operation of PETRA. We present rate estimates and simulations for the planned measurements including background considerations. Initial measurements at the DESY test beam facility using prototype lead tungstate calorimeters in 2019, 2021, and 2022 were made to check the Monte Carlo simulations and the performance of the calorimeters. These tests also investigated different readout schemes (triggered and streaming). Various upgrades are possible to shorten the running time and to make higher beam energies and thus greater Q 2 ranges accessible.

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“…A more detailed description of the MUSE system is available in [14]. Detailed publications are also available for the target [15] and the SiPM detectors [16]. With the planned 12 months of beam time, 4 × 10 7 µ + (2 × 10 7 µ − ) scattering events are expected for MUSE.…”

Section: The Muse Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MUSE: The MUon Scattering Experiment

Cline

Bernauer

Downie

et al. 2021

SciPost Phys. Proc.

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A liquid hydrogen target for the MUSE experiment at PSI

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Properties of the Sachs electric form factor of the proton on the basis of recent e − p scattering experiments and hydrogen spectroscopy

Properties of the Sachs electric form factor of the proton on the basis of recent e − p scattering experiments and hydrogen spectroscopy

Two-Photon EXchange -- TPEX

MUSE: The MUon Scattering Experiment

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A liquid hydrogen target for the MUSE experiment at PSI

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Properties of the Sachs electric form factor of the proton on the basis of recent e − p scattering experiments and hydrogen spectroscopy

Properties of the Sachs electric form factor of the proton on the basis of recent e − p scattering experiments and hydrogen spectroscopy

Two-Photon EXchange -- TPEX

MUSE: The MUon Scattering Experiment

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Properties of the Sachs electric form factor of the proton on the basis of recent e − p scattering experiments and hydrogen spectroscopy

Properties of the Sachs electric form factor of the proton on the basis of recent e − p scattering experiments and hydrogen spectroscopy