A Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) Method for the Determination of Free Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Cow and Goat Milk

Kokotou, Maroula G.; Mantzourani, Christiana; Bourboula, Asimina; Mountanea, Olga G.; Kokotos, George

doi:10.3390/molecules25173947

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…With the success of lesquerella biotechnology [ 17 , 18 ], genes and regulatory elements from P. lindheimeri can be used as excellent targets for improving lesquerella through Agrobacterium -mediated genetic transformation. Besides the HFAs found in plant seeds, families of saturated hydroxy fatty acids (SHFAs) have been recently discovered in cow, goat, and human milks [ 19 , 20 ], and the SHFAs from human milk inhibit the growth of human cancer cells and suppress beta-cell apoptosis [ 19 ], indicating that SHFAs may play a role in the promotion and protection of human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in Physaria lindheimeri, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil

Chen

Kim

Johnson

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) have numerous industrial applications but are absent in most vegetable oils. Physaria lindheimeri accumulating 85% HFA in its seed oil makes it a valuable resource for engineering oilseed crops for HFA production. To discover lipid genes involved in HFA synthesis in P. lindheimeri, transcripts from developing seeds at various stages, as well as leaf and flower buds, were sequenced. Ninety-seven percent clean reads from 552,614,582 raw reads were assembled to 129,633 contigs (or transcripts) which represented 85,948 unique genes. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that 60% of the contigs matched proteins involved in biological process, cellular component or molecular function, while the remaining matched unknown proteins. We identified 42 P. lindheimeri genes involved in fatty acid and seed oil biosynthesis, and 39 of them shared 78–100% nucleotide identity with Arabidopsis orthologs. We manually annotated 16 key genes and 14 of them contained full-length protein sequences, indicating high coverage of clean reads to the assembled contigs. A detailed profiling of the 16 genes revealed various spatial and temporal expression patterns. The further comparison of their protein sequences uncovered amino acids conserved among HFA-producing species, but these varied among non-HFA-producing species. Our findings provide essential information for basic and applied research on HFA biosynthesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in Physaria lindheimeri, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil

Chen

Kim

Johnson

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…The samples were analysed using HPLC with a C18 reversed phase column using UV detection. Recently, an HPLC-MS method to detect hydroxyl fatty acids, including 10-HSA, without a derivatisation step was reported, which could be interesting for measuring Ohy reactions (Kokotou et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Oleate Hydratasementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel oleate hydratases and potential biotechnological applications

Hagedoorn

Hollmann

Hanefeld

2021

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Oleate hydratase catalyses the addition of water to the CC double bond of oleic acid to produce (R)-10-hydroxystearic acid. The enzyme requires an FAD cofactor that functions to optimise the active site structure. A wide range of unsaturated fatty acids can be hydrated at the C10 and in some cases the C13 position. The substrate scope can be expanded using ‘decoy’ small carboxylic acids to convert small chain alkenes to secondary alcohols, albeit at low conversion rates. Systematic protein engineering and directed evolution to widen the substrate scope and increase the conversion rate is possible, supported by new high throughput screening assays that have been developed. Multi-enzyme cascades allow the formation of a wide range of products including keto-fatty acids, secondary alcohols, secondary amines and α,ω-dicarboxylic acids. Key points • Phylogenetically distinct oleate hydratases may exhibit mechanistic differences. • Protein engineering to improve productivity and substrate scope is possible. • Multi-enzymatic cascades greatly widen the product portfolio.

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“…13 Due to their potential role in the promotion and protection of human health, an analytical liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method was developed for the quantitation of these new bioactive lipids in cow and goat milk. 14 An unexplored up-to-date class of naturally occurring fatty acids is that of saturated oxo (keto) fatty acids (SOFAs). Although 3-oxo fatty acids are generally considered as intermediates in β-oxidation (fatty acid metabolism), 15 little is known about the origin of a range of minor SOFAs found in natural sources, differing in the chain length and positions of the oxo functionality.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturated Oxo Fatty Acids (SOFAs): A Previously Unrecognized Class of Endogenous Bioactive Lipids Exhibiting a Cell Growth Inhibitory Activity

et al. 2021

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The discovery of novel bioactive lipids that promote human health is of great importance. Combining “suspect” and targeted lipidomic liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) approaches, a previously unrecognized class of oxidized fatty acids, the saturated oxo fatty acids (SOFAs), which carry the oxo functionality at various positions of the long chain, was identified in human plasma. A library of SOFAs was constructed, applying a simple green photochemical hydroacylation reaction as the key synthetic step. The synthesized SOFAs were studied for their ability to inhibit in vitro the cell growth of three human cancer cell lines. Four oxostearic acids (OSAs) were identified to inhibit the cell growth of human lung carcinoma A549 cells. 6OSA and 7OSA exhibited the highest cell growth inhibitory potency, suppressing the expression of both STAT3 and c-myc, which are critical regulators of cell growth and proliferation. Thus, naturally occurring SOFAs may play a role in the protection of human health.

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A Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) Method for the Determination of Free Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Cow and Goat Milk

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in Physaria lindheimeri, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil

Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Lipid Genes in Physaria lindheimeri, a Genetic Resource for Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Seed Oil

Novel oleate hydratases and potential biotechnological applications

Saturated Oxo Fatty Acids (SOFAs): A Previously Unrecognized Class of Endogenous Bioactive Lipids Exhibiting a Cell Growth Inhibitory Activity

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