A lipid bound actin meshwork organizes liquid phase separation in model membranes

Honigmann, Alf; Sadeghi, Sina; Keller, Jan; Hell, Stefan W.; Eggeling, Christian; Vink, R. L. C.

doi:10.7554/elife.01671

Cited by 171 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Finally, most model membranes lack key aspects that are fundamental to cell membrane functions, including but not limited to connection to a dynamic actin cortex and the transport of membrane components via both active and passive mechanisms. Recent progress has begun to address some of these issues 35-37 but the vast divide between model and cell membranes will likely remain a major challenge for bottom-up investigations for decades to come.…”

Section: A Spectrum Of Membrane Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Continuing Mystery of Lipid Rafts

Levental¹,

Veatch

2016

Journal of Molecular Biology

245

251

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Since its initial formalization nearly twenty years ago, the concept of lipid rafts has generated a tremendous amount of attention and interest, and nearly as much controversy. The controversy is perhaps surprising because the notion itself is intuitive: compartmentalization in time and space is a ubiquitous theme at all scales of biology, and therefore the partitioning of cellular membranes into lateral subdivision should be expected. Nevertheless, the physicochemical principles responsible for compartmentalization and the molecular mechanisms by which they are functionalized remain nearly as mysterious today as they were two decades ago. Herein, we review recent literature on this topic with a specific focus on the major open questions in the field, including: (1) what are the best tools to assay raft behavior in living membranes; (2) what is the function of the complex lipidome of mammalian cells with respect to membrane organization; (3) what are the mechanisms that drive raft formation and determine their properties; (4) how can rafts be modulated; (5) how is membrane compartmentalization integrated into cellular signaling. Despite decades of intensive research, this compelling field remains full of fundamental questions.

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Section: A Spectrum Of Membrane Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Continuing Mystery of Lipid Rafts

Levental¹,

Veatch

2016

Journal of Molecular Biology

245

251

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“…As commented in Sec. I, such distribution has been used to describe the heterogeneities present in plasma membranes [13,14]. In this context, relating P (κ) to such distribution of sizes provides a way to connect spatio-temporal properties of the environment at criticality to the stemming of subdiffusion, and thus offers an analytical tool to study their interplay.…”

Section: Description Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides membrane proteins, the lipids -the most abundant components of the * miguel.garcia-march@icfo.es cell membrane -contribute to this heterogeneous organization by interacting with cholesterol, proteins and the cytoskeleton in order to partition the membrane [11], as a consequence of these dynamic interactions, also lipids exhibit non-Brownian diffusion behavior [12]. Due to the presence of miscibility critical points and associated long-range critical fluctuations, the compositional heterogeneity of the plasma membranes has been often modeled as a nearly critical environment through an Ising model [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient subdiffusion from an Ising environment

et al. 2017

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We introduce a model, in which a particle performs a continuous time random walk (CTRW) coupled to an environment with Ising dynamics. The particle shows locally varying diffusivity determined by the geometrical properties of the underlying Ising environment, that is, the diffusivity depends on the size of the connected area of spins pointing in the same direction. The model shows anomalous diffusion when the Ising environment is at critical temperature. We show that any finite scale introduced by a temperature different from the critical one, or a finite size of the environment, cause subdiffusion only during a transient time. The characteristic time, at which the system returns to normal diffusion after the subdiffusive plateau depends on the limiting scale and on how close the temperature is to criticality. The system also displays apparent ergodicity breaking at intermediate time, while ergodicity breaking at longer time occurs only under the idealized infinite environment at the critical temperature.

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“…Such a reorganization of the actin meshwork would be associated with reduced receptor mobility. Using FCS and STED it was recently shown that membrane-bound actin networks influence lipid phase separation; a model combining the coupling of membrane composition, membrane curvature, and the actin pinning sites was postulated from this study (Honigmann et al, 2014). More recently, confocal FRAP distinguished two protein populations of membrane proteins, including some classical “synaptic” proteins in PC12 cells, having diffusion coefficients D of 0.22 and 0.01 μm 2 s -1 , respectively (Saka et al, 2014).…”

Section: Effect Of Cholesterol On Nachr Translational Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 78%

“…There is evidence of interactions between lipids, lipid domains and the cytoskeleton (Maxfield, 2002; Lenne et al, 2006; Honigmann et al, 2014). According to Kwik et al (2003) cholesterol depletion produces general effects on the architecture and function of the membrane, making the sub-membrane cytoskeleton and in particular the cortical actin network more stable.…”

Section: Effect Of Cholesterol On Nachr Translational Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-surface translational dynamics of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Barrantes¹

2014

Front. Synaptic Neurosci.

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Synapse efficacy heavily relies on the number of neurotransmitter receptors available at a given time. In addition to the equilibrium between the biosynthetic production, exocytic delivery and recycling of receptors on the one hand, and the endocytic internalization on the other, lateral diffusion and clustering of receptors at the cell membrane play key roles in determining the amount of active receptors at the synapse. Mobile receptors traffic between reservoir compartments and the synapse by thermally driven Brownian motion, and become immobilized at the peri-synaptic region or the synapse by: (a) clustering mediated by homotropic inter-molecular receptor–receptor associations; (b) heterotropic associations with non-receptor scaffolding proteins or the subjacent cytoskeletal meshwork, leading to diffusional “trapping,” and (c) protein-lipid interactions, particularly with the neutral lipid cholesterol. This review assesses the contribution of some of these mechanisms to the supramolecular organization and dynamics of the paradigm neurotransmitter receptor of muscle and neuronal cells -the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). Currently available information stemming from various complementary biophysical techniques commonly used to interrogate the dynamics of cell-surface components is critically discussed. The translational mobility of nAChRs at the cell surface differs between muscle and neuronal receptors in terms of diffusion coefficients and residence intervals at the synapse, which cover an ample range of time regimes. A peculiar feature of brain α7 nAChR is its ability to spend much of its time confined peri-synaptically, vicinal to glutamatergic (excitatory) and GABAergic (inhibitory) synapses. An important function of the α7 nAChR may thus be visiting the territories of other neurotransmitter receptors, differentially regulating the dynamic equilibrium between excitation and inhibition, depending on its residence time in each domain.

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A lipid bound actin meshwork organizes liquid phase separation in model membranes

Cited by 171 publications

References 54 publications

The Continuing Mystery of Lipid Rafts

The Continuing Mystery of Lipid Rafts

Transient subdiffusion from an Ising environment

Cell-surface translational dynamics of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

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