The influence of irradiance, photoperiod and temperature was determined for the growth kinetics of the diatoms Aulacoseira subarctica, Stephanodiscus astraea and Stephanodiscus hantzschii and the results compared with those of cyanobacteria. [rradiance and photoperiod relationships were qualitatively similar to those for cyanobacteria in that: (1) growth rate (K) was proportionally greater under short photoperiods, with ratios of K under continuous light to K under 3:21 light:dark (LD) cycles of 1-50, 1.80 and 2-96 for A. subaretiea, S. astraea and S. hantzschii respectively; (2) at subsaturating irradiances, K was proportional to irradiance and independent of temperature with a negligible predicted maintenance growth rate requirement. Apparent growth efficiencies (GE) at subsaturating irradiances were 0.26+0-03, 0.42+0.03 and 0-504-0.03 divisions mo1-1 m z for A. subarctica, S. astraea hantzschii, but higher temperatures resulted in minor increases in K. S. astraea growth rate peaked at 16 °C, declining sharply at higher temperatures. February to March in situ growth rates in Lough Neagh, mean temperature 4.3 °C, showed that the A. subarctica in situ K of 0.058 divisions day ~ was close to the laboratory K at 4 °C, but that S. astraea in situ K of 0.10I divisions day -~ was lower than the laboratory K at 4 °C.