Abstract:We demonstrate the development of a prototype lightweight (1.5 kg/m 2) tile structure capable of photovoltaic solar power capture, conversion to radio frequency power, and transmission through antennas. This modular tile can be repeated over an arbitrary area to form a large aperture which could be placed in orbit to collect sunlight and transmit electricity to any location. Prototype design is described and validated through finite element analysis, and high-precision ultra-light component manufacture and rob… Show more
“…The design, shown in Fig. 28, distributed power dynamically and featured ultralight deployable space structures [117], [118]. Late in 2019, Northrop Grumman announced that it is working with the US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) on the Space Solar Power Incremental Demonstrations and Research (SSPIDR) project to develop a SSP system [119].…”
“…The design, shown in Fig. 28, distributed power dynamically and featured ultralight deployable space structures [117], [118]. Late in 2019, Northrop Grumman announced that it is working with the US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) on the Space Solar Power Incremental Demonstrations and Research (SSPIDR) project to develop a SSP system [119].…”
“…Figure 5 then plots the variation of the antenna efficiency with φ. This variation has been obtained from electromagnetic simulations of the near-isotropic patch antennas forming the RF layer described in [10]. Lastly, the phased array factor is approximated by a cosine loss, i.e., AF(φ) = |cos(φ)|.…”
Section: Transmitted Power and Geometric Efficiencymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, aggressive new structural concepts characterized by extremely low areal mass densities (on the order of 1 kg m −2 or less) are enabling the development of new ultralight, planar SSPS concepts [8]. These concepts replace a monolithic SSPS with formations of smaller SSPSs and replace complicated mechanical subsystems with lightweight, planar elements consisting of integrated PV surfaces, DC to microwave converters, and microwave patch antennas [8][9][10].…”
This paper presents power-optimal guidance for a planar space solar power satellite (SSPS).Power-optimal guidance is the attitude trajectory that maximizes the solar power transmitted by the SSPS. Maximizing the transmitted power simultaneously maximizes the cumulative energy delivered to the receiving station. Planarity couples the orientations of the SSPS's photovoltaic and antennas surfaces. Hence, the transmitted power only depends on the relative geometry between the SSPS, Sun, and receiving station. The orientation that maximizes power transfer changes as this relative geometry changes. Both single and dual-sided SSPS architectures are considered. A single-sided SSPS has one photovoltaic surface and one antenna surface. A dualsided SSPS is a single-sided SSPS with at least one additional photovoltaic or antenna surface. Geometric arguments show that a dual-sided SSPS has superior performance to a single-sided SSPS. Power-optimal guidance is then determined numerically for several examples, including for an SSPS in GEO. These examples emphasize important solution properties, including the need for large slew maneuvers, and show that even though system efficiency decreases as orbit altitude decreases, reduced path losses actually increase the total amount of received energy per unit aperture area. This has significant system implications for future space solar power missions. Nomenclature A = area -m 2 AF(φ) = phased array factor
“…Spacecraft swarms have the potential to revolutionize the space industry by enabling missions such as distributed aperture telescopes, space structure assemblies, and cooperative deep space explorations (Chung and Hadaegh, 2011;Cash, 2006;Gdoutos et al, 2018). These multi-spacecraft missions have several advantages over monolithic satellite missions, such as robustness to individual spacecraft loss and improved science return (Hadaegh et al, 2016;Brown et al, 2009).…”
For spacecraft swarms, the multi-agent localization algorithm must scale well with the number of spacecraft and adapt to time-varying communication and relative sensing networks. In this paper, we present a decentralized, scalable algorithm for swarm localization, called the Decentralized Pose Estimation (DPE) algorithm. The DPE considers both communication and relative sensing graphs and defines an observable local formation. Each spacecraft jointly localizes its local subset of spacecraft using direct and communicated measurements. Since the algorithm is local, the algorithm complexity does not grow with the number of spacecraft in the swarm. As part of the DPE, we present the Swarm Reference Frame Estimation (SRFE) algorithm, a distributed consensus algorithm to coestimate a common Local-Vertical, Local-Horizontal (LVLH) frame. The DPE combined with the SRFE provides a scalable, fully-decentralized navigation solution that can be used for swarm control and motion planning. Numerical simulations and experiments using Caltech's robotic spacecraft simulators are presented to validate the effectiveness and scalability of the DPE algorithm.
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