A Lightweight Authentication With Privacy-Preserving Scheme for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography

Abstract

Vehicle in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) broadcasts beacons about their traffic status wirelessly for improving traffic safety and efficiency. Before deployment of the VANET system, problems related to security and privacy should be carefully addressed. In this paper, we propose a lightweight authentication with conditional privacy-preserving scheme for guaranteeing secure communication in VANET. The proposed scheme is suitable for addressing issues related to security and privacy because it combines the tamper-proof device (TPD) based schemes with the roadside unit (RSU) based schemes. Based on elliptic curve cryptography, the proposed scheme preloads the initial public parameters and keys of the system in each TPD of RSU instead of the TPD of the on-border unit (OBU). Furthermore, the proposed scheme not only achieve security and privacy requirements but also resists common security attacks. The performance evaluation shows that the proposed scheme has a lower cost compared with other existing schemes in terms of computation cost and communication cost. INDEX TERMS Authentication, tamper proof device (TPD), privacy-preserving, vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). I. INTRODUCTION Recently, the intelligent transportation system (ITS) has attracted more deliberate attention from the motor industry, academia, and even government in recent years since it is reducing traffic congestion, enhancing driving efficiency, improving traffic safety, minimizing environmental pollution and providing convenience [1], [2]. Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are an entity of ITS with a fully a selforganizing wireless ad hoc communication system containing vehicles equipped with onboard unit (OBU), a trusted authority (TA) which preloads the initial public parameters of the VANET, and a road side unit (RSU) deployed at intersections in country, as presented in Figure 1. The communications types in VANETs contain two main modes: vehicle-tovehicle (V2V) communication and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication [3], [4]. Dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) protocol is an open wireless technology which allows the vehicle for FIGURE 1: A typical VANET scenario. processing, receiving, broadcasting and communicating with each other or nearby RSU and exchanging messages such as

CM-CPPA: Chaotic Map-Based Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme in 5G-Enabled Vehicular Networks

“…To overcome the time-consuming operations of ID-based BP approaches, He et al [32] proposed an ID-based elliptic curve (EC) Cryptography to provide a signature verification process for vehicular communication. Recently, some authentication schemes based on EC have been proposed by [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] to tackle privacy and security proprieties for vehicular communication. Nevertheless, the operations of EC are time-consuming with an increase in the number of participating nodes.…”

MSR-DoS: Modular Square Root-Based Scheme to Resist Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks in 5G-Enabled Vehicular Networks

“…Pseudonym-based schemes were proposed [35]- [41] by using cryptographic operations associated with elliptic curve cryptography to sign and verify the traffic-related messages. He et al [35] were the first to propose the use of the elliptic curve cryptography rather than bilinear pair cryptography to achieve security and privacy requirements in 2015.…”

“…In this section, we analysis a performance evaluation in terms of computation and communication overheads and give a comparison with most recent existing schemes [41]- [43] for 5G-enabled vehicular networks. The scheme in this paper uses the experiment in [50] to run on a macOS High Sierra operation system consists of an Intel Core i5 processor with, 4 GB RAM and 1.6 GHz clock frequency.…”

Secure VANET Authentication Protocol (SVAP) Using Chebyshev Chaotic Maps for Emergency Conditions

“…The Chebyshev Polynomial T ω (ϕ) of degree ω is defined as indicated in (1). Its recurrence formula can be specified according to (2).…”

“…Due to the massive deployment of intelligent transportation system (ITS) in smart cities, the vehicular adhoc network (VANET) has attracted a deliberate attention in the research domain; the major goals of VANET are to support numerous applications in terms of infotainment, emergency, and traffic safety services [1], [2]. In general, VANET structure has three main components as follows: Firstly, onboard units (OBUs) mounted on vehicles to allow them connect…”