A lifecourse study of risk for hyperinsulinaemia, dyslipidaemia and obesity (the central metabolic syndrome) at age 49–51 years

Parker, Louise; Lamont, D. W.; Unwin, Nigel; Pearce, Mark S.; Bennett, S. M. A.; Dickinson, Heather O; White, Martin; Mathers, John C.; Alberti, K. G. M. M.; Craft, A W

doi:10.1046/j.1464-5491.2003.00949.x

Cited by 105 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Twelve were performed in highincome countries (11 in Europe 32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,42,43 and one in New Zealand 41 ) and one in China 26 . Three British articles 33,36,37 used data from the same cohort; two Finnish articles 34,35 likewise analyzed the same cohort; and two Spanish articles 38,39 used data from the same cross-sectional study, evaluating the outcome differently (continuous or categorical variable) or in distinct moments of life.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Childhood poverty and abdominal obesity in adulthood: a systematic review

2009

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ninety-four of these were excluded because they did not evaluate family socioeconomic status when the individual was five years of age or older. Of the remaining articles, only 13 evaluated waist circumference, hip circumference, and/or WHR in adulthood as the outcome 26,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood poverty and abdominal obesity in adulthood: a systematic review

2009

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“…Individuals born SGA suffer from a severe reduction of fat mass at birth [8,9], but a large proportion of them will experience a rapid postnatal catch-up in growth during the first year of life [10,11]. The association between metabolic disorders and low BW appears stronger when small size at birth is followed by early catch-up growth [7,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent effects of weight gain and fetal programming on metabolic complications in adults born small for gestational age

et al. 2010

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Aims/hypothesis Insulin resistance (IR) and the metabolic syndrome (MS) have been reported in adults as a consequence of being born small for gestational age (SGA). The process seems to be initiated early in life; however, little is known about the progression of MS and IR in young adults. We hypothesised that being born SGA would promote a greater progression over time of IR and MS, reflecting not only the gain in weight and fat mass but also the extension of the fetal programming process. Methods Participants were selected from a community-based cohort and born full-term either SGA (birthweight <10th percentile) or appropriate for gestational age (25th < birthweight<75th percentile). A total of 1,308 individuals were prospectively followed between the ages of 22 and 30 years. Results At both ages, individuals born SGA were more insulin-resistant and showed a significantly higher prevalence of MS. Over the 8 year follow-up, the risk of developing MS was twofold higher in those SGA, after adjustment for gain in BMI, whereas the progression of IR was not significantly affected by the birth status. Conclusions/interpretation Our data suggest that metabolic disorders in SGA individuals are amplified by the weight gain with time when adults, both probably resulting from fetal programming. Moreover, the modest increase in IR contrasts with the constant and much higher prevalence of MS.

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“…This supports previous findings of a lack of an association between, in particular, birth weight and future cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome risk, in the Thousand Families cohort. 11,12 However, experiencing childhood in a post-war environment, including the rationing of food, may have resulted in reduced variability in dietary disadvantage and less severe material disadvantage than cohorts born in the pre-war period. It is also possible that different results may have been obtained had other measures of fetal growth, such as ponderal index, been available to this investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between October 1996 and December 1998, self-completion questionnaires on adult health and lifestyle were sent out and study members invited to attend for clinical examination. [10][11][12] Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the appropriate Local Research Ethics Committees. All study members participating in this study gave their written consent.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifecourse predictors of normal metabolic parameters in overweight and obese adults

2006

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Objective: Not all overweight and obese individuals appear to be at equal risk of developing metabolic abnormalities. We sought to examine the effect of factors from different stages of life on risk of metabolic abnormalities at age 50 years in overweight and obese adults. Design and subjects: Longitudinal study of all persons born in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK in May and June 1947 and followed to age 50 years when a clinical examination took place and a detailed questionnaire on health and lifestyle was completed. Participants in this study (n ¼ 223) were those defined as being overweight or obese with a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 25 at age 50 years. Subjects were defined as 'metabolically normal' if they had normal lipids, glucose and blood pressure. Results: Lower BMI was the strongest predictor of remaining metabolically normal in both men and women. After adjusting for BMI, lower levels of cigarette smoking and higher levels of physical activity were independently associated with being metabolically normal in men. No other factors were independently associated with being metabolically normal in women. A stronger inverse relationship between BMI and metabolic status was found in men (Odds ratio (OR) per unit increase in BMI ¼ 0.65, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 0.52-0.81) than in women (OR ¼ 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.99). No association was seen for factors operating in fetal, infant and childhood life. Conclusions: Adult factors made a greater contribution to remaining metabolically normal than birth or childhood factors in this sample of overweight and obese adults. A lower adult BMI appeared to reduce the risk in men and women and lower cigarette smoking and higher level of physical activity also independently reduced the risk in men. Public health policy to reduce the burden of morbidity associated with obesity should continue to encourage weight loss, physical activity and smoking cessation.

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A lifecourse study of risk for hyperinsulinaemia, dyslipidaemia and obesity (the central metabolic syndrome) at age 49–51 years

Abstract: While risk for CMS in men is compounded by early life disadvantage, promotion of a healthier adult lifestyle and a reduction in the number of people taking up smoking would appear to be the public health interventions most likely to reduce the prevalence of CMS in middle age.

Cited by 105 publications

References 44 publications

Childhood poverty and abdominal obesity in adulthood: a systematic review

Childhood poverty and abdominal obesity in adulthood: a systematic review

Independent effects of weight gain and fetal programming on metabolic complications in adults born small for gestational age

Lifecourse predictors of normal metabolic parameters in overweight and obese adults

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