A Life History Study of Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrels in Southern Wisconsin

Rongstad, Orrin J.

doi:10.2307/1377818

Cited by 75 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Female thirteen-lined ground squirrels tend to use the same home range every year while males do not (Rongstad 1965). In Manitoba, Canada, home range sizes for both males and females ranged between 1.62 (0.7 ha) and 11.7 acres (4.7 ha) while those of males usually were larger than those of females (Banfield 1974).…”

Section: Home Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a tallgrass prairie of Kansas from 1983 to 1987, the average home range size for males was 1.38 acres (0.56 ha) and the average for females was 0.9 acres (0.36 ha) (Clark and others 1990). Ground squirrels can travel considerable distances, especially to and from grain fields, as exemplified by males in Wisconsin traveling 96 yards (88.2 m) and females 99 yards (90.1 m) (Banfield 1974;Rongstad 1965).…”

Section: Home Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Michigan, thirteen-lined ground squirrel density was estimated to be 2.2 squirrels/acre (5.4/ha) and in Wisconsin, the average density was 8.9 to 10.7 squirrels/ acre (22.0 to 26.4/ha) (Banfield 1974;Rongstad 1965). In Wisconsin, squirrel density was estimated to be 1.2 to 8.0/acre (2.9 to 19.8/ha) and in dry lands of Colorado, the density was 20.8 squirrels/acre (51.4/ha) (Grant 1972;Jackson 1961).…”

Section: Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Northern goshawk and its prey in the Black Hills: Habitat assessment

Graham¹,

Volo²,

Reynolds³

2015

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The northern goshawk is classified as a Sensitive Species in all USDA Forest Service regions, including on the Black Hills National Forest in western South Dakota and northeastern Wyoming. An assessment was conducted of the quality of northern goshawk nesting and foraging habitat, along with the habitat quality of 22 of the goshawk's prey species. A Delphi (expert panel) evaluation of goshawk and prey habitat in 3,414 watersheds averaging 449 acres (182 ha) in size was completed by wildlife biologists from the Black Hills National Forest. The quality of goshawk nesting and foraging habitat and of prey group habitats was reported individually, then combined for each watershed. The optimum goshawk and prey habitat, totaling 67 watersheds or 34,427 acres (13,932 ha), was distributed throughout the nearly 1.5 million-acre (about 607,000-ha) Black Hills National Forest. Panel members found that the Bear Lodge Mountains, located in northeastern Wyoming, proportionally had the most optimum, high-, and medium-rated habitat. Wildfire, bark beetles, urban encroachment, and timber harvest can negatively affect northern goshawks and their prey's habitat. However, increasing the amount and presence of quaking aspen forests within the Black Hills will most likely improve the habitat of the goshawk by improving the habitat for many of its prey. Using previously articulated conditions as a template in the Forest Vegetation Simulator, we designed an example 100-year silvicultural system to create and maintain forest conditions for the northern goshawk and its prey on the Black Hills Experimental Forest.Keywords: northern goshawk, Accipiter gentilis atricapillus, silviculture, forest structure, bark beetles, ponderosa pine, forest management. AuthorsRussell T. Graham is a research forester (silviculturist) with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, in Moscow, Idaho. His research activities include the role that coarse woody debris plays in forests, large-scale ecosystem assessment and planning, describing northern goshawk habitat, and developing forest management strategies (silvicultural systems) for a wide array of management objectives. Shelley Bayard deVolo is an environmental coordination specialist for the Larimer County Engineering Department in Fort Collins, Colorado. She studied wildlife for several decades in California, Arizona, Colorado, and South Dakota. During her 15-year tenure with the Rocky Mountain Research Station in Fort Collins, Colorado, she assisted in studying demographic and habitat relationships for northern goshawks on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. She also determined genetic diversity for Kaibab goshawks and investigated genetic relationships for goshawk populations across North America.Richard T. Reynolds is a research wildlife biologist with the Rocky Mountain Research Station in Fort Collins, Colorado. He has investigated the relationship between the composition and structure of habitats as well as the demographic performance of apex avian predat...

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Section: Home Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Home Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Northern goshawk and its prey in the Black Hills: Habitat assessment

Graham¹,

Volo²,

Reynolds³

2015

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“…The annual cycle and population dynamics of the species have been studied by Rongstad (1965) and McCarley (1966). Grubitz (1963), McCarley (1966),…”

Section: Introduction Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual, Social, and Seasonal Behavior of the Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus)

Wistrand

1974

Journal of Mammalogy

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“…These observations, however, are limited to a restricted sample of above-ground encounters and there is some indication that more intense fighting may occur in the confines of burrows (Rongstad, 1965). It is also likely that the majority of field encounters involve individuals who have had prior contacts and who may have already established relatively stable status relations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral components of shock-induced aggression in ground squirrels (Citellus tridecemlineatus)

Turner

Boice

Powers

1973

Animal Learning & Behavior

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The fighting behavior of paired ground squirrels was observed in a footshock chamber. with shock offset contingent on pair members displaying an unambiguous dominant-subordinate relationship. Status relations stabilized over days, resulting in a decrease in the intensity and duration of encounters and an increase in the frequency of threat displays. Various agonistic components are described and their functions and effects discussed in terms of naturally occurring aggressionin this species.

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A Life History Study of Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrels in Southern Wisconsin

Cited by 75 publications

References 12 publications

Northern goshawk and its prey in the Black Hills: Habitat assessment

Northern goshawk and its prey in the Black Hills: Habitat assessment

Individual, Social, and Seasonal Behavior of the Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus)

Behavioral components of shock-induced aggression in ground squirrels (Citellus tridecemlineatus)

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