1988
DOI: 10.1080/08927028808080941
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A Leap-frog Algorithm for Stochastic Dynamics

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Cited by 1,158 publications
(840 citation statements)
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References 16 publications
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“…The protein was protonated and solvated using GROMACS (22). The charge was neutralized with Na ϩ , and NaCl was added to the solvent for a concentration of 0.15 M. "Steepest descents" in GROMACS was used to energy minimize the system (23). Once minimized, the proteinsolvent system was heated to a simulated temperature of 310 K, and the system was stabilized using Berendsen temperature and pressure coupling (24).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The protein was protonated and solvated using GROMACS (22). The charge was neutralized with Na ϩ , and NaCl was added to the solvent for a concentration of 0.15 M. "Steepest descents" in GROMACS was used to energy minimize the system (23). Once minimized, the proteinsolvent system was heated to a simulated temperature of 310 K, and the system was stabilized using Berendsen temperature and pressure coupling (24).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The GROMACS Ver. 4.5.3 [16][17][18][19] was used for the MD simulations, which include the temperature increase from 0 to 300 K, followed by the structural relaxation and the ensemble process at 300 K. The temperature increasing process was performed under the NVT ensemble, by using the leap-frog integral method [25,26] and the particle mesh Ewald method [27,28] for evaluating long-range electrostatic interactions. The integration step was 2 fs, as allowed by the application of the LINCS [29] and SETTLE [30] algorithms to constrain the bond lengths of H atoms in the peptides of CAP and the water molecules, respectively.…”
Section: Search For Stable Structure Of Solvated Cap+camp+dna Complexmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The temperature was controlled at 293.15 K using a stochastic dynamics integrator (τ = 0.1 ps) 56 . No cut-offs were applied to the Lennard-Jones or Coulomb interactions, and the droplet was simulated in vacuum (without periodic boundary conditions).…”
Section: Pmf Calculationsmentioning
confidence: 99%