A laser-based technique for the coating of mild steel with a vitreous enamel

Abstract

Marked changes in the wettability characteristics of EN8 mild steel were observed after high power diode laser (HPDL) surface treatment of the metal. The morphological, microstructural and wetting characteristics of the steel were determined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and wetting experiments by the sessile drop technique. Improvements in the wetting action of the mild steel after HPDL surface treatment were identified as being the result of: The HPDL induced melting of the mild steel surface which brought about a reduction of the surface roughness; The small increase in the polar component of the surface energy and the increase in the surface O 2 content of the mild steel resulting from HPDL treatment.This work has demonstrated that the use of HPDL radiation to alter the wetting characteristics of mild steel in order to facilitate improved enamelling is a real possibility.

The investigation of the influence of laser re‐melting on density, surface quality and microstructure of selective laser melting parts

“…laser polishing, laser hardening and laser surface melting, applied to bulk materials produced by conventional manufacturing processes. Laser surface modification can be applied to reduce surface roughness (Wissenbach et al, 2006;Henari and Blau, 1995;Nicolas et al, 1997;Triantafyllidis et al, 2005;Lamikiz et al, 2007;Ramos-Grez and Bourell, 2004), or to improve other surface material properties such as surface microhardness (Kac and Kusinski, 2004;Xianqing et al, 2007;Pinto et al, 2003), friction and wear behavior (Zhang et al, 2008;Felgueroso et al, 2008), corrosion resistance (Tang et al, 2004;Xu et al, 2006;Guozhi et al, 2007), wettability (Hao and Lawrence, 2006;Lawrence and Li, 2001;Triantafyllidis et al, 2005;Roemer et al, 2009) and sub-surface microstructural properties (Grabowski et al, 2006).…”

Manufacturing by combining Selective Laser Melting and Selective Laser Erosion/laser re-melting

“…Laser re-melting is not only used for surface modifications for lower roughness values [111][112][113][114][115] and densification but also to improve other surface material properties such as micro hardness [116][117][118], friction and wear behavior [116,119,120], corrosion resistance [121][122][123], wettability [113,124,125] and microstructural properties [126]. Laser re-melting is also reported to reduce the residual stress in the top layer with about 55% when sufficiently high energy per unit area in rescanning is selected (150% of the forming energy of a layer during SLM) [125]. However, the experimental study of residual stresses at K.U.Leuven show that laser re-melting after every layer, in other words post-scanning, improves the residual stresses only about 10%.…”

Emayenin Dünü ve Bugünü

“…[13][14], emaye kaplı çelik şeritler [15], elektronik uygulamalarda kullanılan emaye bileşimi [16], emaye bileşimindeki alüminanın -TiAl'nin oksitlenme ve sıcaklık yenim davranışına etkisi [17] ve emayeye bağlanmış temel metal alaşımlarının çekme mukavemeti [18] gibi konuların yer aldığı görülebilir. 2001: Yenime dayanıklı çok katlı kaplamalar [19], normal ve anti-mikrobiyal emaye kaplamaları [20][21] ve yumuşak çeliğin emaye kaplamasında lazer tekniğinin uygulanması [22][23] başlıklarının dikkat çektiği belirtilebilir. 2002: Dekoratif metal uygulamaları [24], emaye tabakasının bozunumunun incelenmesi [25] ve çok tabakalı emaye eldesinde çizilme dayanımlı kaplamaların üretilmesi [26] bazı kayda değer araştırmalardandır.…”