A laser altimeter for BepiColombo mission: Instrument design and performance model

Santovito, M. R.; Tommasi, L.; Sgarzi, Germano; Romoli, Andrea; Mattei, S.; Murphy, Eamonn; Rando, N.

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2006.03.003

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The voltage signal is digitized and input to the GALA matched filter. Equivalent current power �1 [A 2 ] to the final output signal from the matched filter is expressed as follows: 6,7,8)…”

Section: Snr Calculation By Gala Performance Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Model Simulation of Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) for the JUICE Mission

Araki

Ishibashi

Namiki

et al. 2019

AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN

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GALA (GAnymede Laser Altimeter) is one of the payload instruments of the JUICE (JUpiter ICy moons Explorer) project to be launched in 2022 to the Jovian icy moons Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto. GALA is developed through an international collaboration between Germany, Japan, Switzerland, and Spain. With the performance model of GALA, we have sought to create the interface conditions that satisfy the science requirements on the probability of false detection (PFD) and the range accuracy. The science requirements on GALA performance can be summarized as involving the following four criteria: [1] for Europa fly-by, PFD is less than 0.2 from an altitude of 1300 km or lower, [2] under the worst observation condition for albedo and surface slope of GCO500 (Ganymede Circular Orbit whose height is 500km), the accuracy of ranging is less than 10 m and PFD is less than 0.2, [3] under the nominal observation condition of GCO500, the accuracy of ranging is less than 2 m and PFD is less than 0.1, and [4] under the best observation condition of GCO500, the accuracy of ranging is less than 1 m and PFD is less than 0.1. For the assessment, however, we had used literature data as the characteristics of the laser detector of GALA, avalanche photodiode (APD), which should be degraded due to the severe radiation environment around Jupiter. Then we carried out a more realistic model simulation of GALA by incorporating these degradation effects of APD. Characteristics of APD, such as gain, quantum efficiency, excess noise index, surface dark current, and bulk dark current, were re-evaluated through radiation tests using the data of dark and photo current of the APD irradiated with 2-MeV-electron and 50-MeV-proton beams, which are the radiation conditions assumed for JUICE-GALA around Jupiter. These degraded characteristics of APD by radiation were introduced to our performance model of GALA. As a result, our performance simulation of GALA showed again that the science requirements are satisfied even after taking into account the degraded characteristics of APD. The remaining matter is the effect of noise or digitization in the Analog Electronics Module (AEM), which must be taken into account for the final specifications of GALA.

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Section: Snr Calculation By Gala Performance Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shot noise term is proportional to � �� and the speckle noise is proportional to � �� . �I and �II are expressed as follows: 7,8)…”

Section: Snr Calculation By Gala Performance Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Model Simulation of Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) for the JUICE Mission

Araki

Ishibashi

Namiki

et al. 2019

AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN

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“…The structural information, such as slope and roughness, are determined by analyzing the received pulse shape through analog processing or GHz bandwidth digitization. The direct measurement of the received pulse energy through a calibration of laser backscatter from different surfaces and normalization by the transmitted laser energy determines the surface reflectivity (Santovito et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline Design and Performance Analysis of Laser Altimeter for Korean Lunar Orbiter

Lim¹,

Neumann²,

Choi³

et al. 2016

Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences

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Korea's lunar exploration project includes the launching of an orbiter, a lander (including a rover), and an experimental orbiter (referred to as a lunar pathfinder). Laser altimeters have played an important scientific role in lunar, planetary, and asteroid exploration missions since their first use in 1971 onboard the Apollo 15 mission to the Moon. In this study, a laser altimeter was proposed as a scientific instrument for the Korean lunar orbiter, which will be launched by 2020, to study the global topography of the surface of the Moon and its gravitational field and to support other payloads such as a terrain mapping camera or spectral imager. This study presents the baseline design and performance model for the proposed laser altimeter. Additionally, the study discusses the expected performance based on numerical simulation results. The simulation results indicate that the design of system parameters satisfies performance requirements with respect to detection probability and range error even under unfavorable conditions.

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“…The instrument is intended to provide a global topographic map grid with a height accuracy of 1 m which will complement gravity measurements for studies of crustal thickness and structure. By joint operation, the Bepi Colombo gravity, camera, and ranging experiments will determine Mercury's obliquity, librations, and tidal deformation [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite Laser Altimeter

Mattei¹,

Santovito²,

Moccia³

2006

IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.

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A feasibility study is presented of a laser altimeter conceived as an auxiliary device of an imaging camera to perform stereo pairs correction by high accuracy range measurements. System configuration is compliant to microsatellite constraints and is integrated to a high-resolution imaging sensor. System performance analysis is carried out by means of analytical models and computer codes and plots are presented to select key parameters allowing definition of a preliminary laser altimeter configuration.

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A laser altimeter for BepiColombo mission: Instrument design and performance model

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Performance Model Simulation of Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) for the JUICE Mission

Performance Model Simulation of Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) for the JUICE Mission

Baseline Design and Performance Analysis of Laser Altimeter for Korean Lunar Orbiter

Microsatellite Laser Altimeter

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