A large-scale study on the seroprevalence of small ruminant lentiviral infection in the Polish goat population

Kaba, Jarosław; Czopowicz, Micha; Kuźmak, Jacek; Olech, Monika; Witkowski, Lucjan; Moroz-Fik, Agata; Mickiewicz, Marcin; Biernacka, Kinga; Nalbert, Tomasz; Bereznowski, A.; Szaluś‐Jordanow, Olga; Potârniche, Adrian Valentin; Spînu, Marina; Markowska-Daniel, Iwona; Bagnicka, Emilia

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105885

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Consequently, the World Organization for Animal Health (Office International des Epizooties, OIE) has classified SRLVs as the pathogens causing the major infectious disease of small ruminants. In Poland, the overall prevalence of SRLVs in sheep reached more than 9%, while in goats, it was 42% [ 27 , 28 ]. Molecular studies have shown that the SRLVs circulating in Poland are very heterogeneous, and 12 subtypes have been detected so far (A1, A5, A12, A13, A16, A17, A18, A23, A24, A27, B1 and B2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of small ruminant Lentivirus proviral DNA in red deer from Poland

Olech,

Parzeniecka-Jaworska

2024

BMC Vet Res

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Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are widespread and infect goats and sheep. Several reports also suggest that SRLVs can infect wild ruminants. The presence of specific antibodies against SRLVs has been identified in wild ruminants from Poland, but no studies have been conducted to detect proviral DNA of SRLVs in these animals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine samples from Polish wild ruminants to determine whether these animals can serve as reservoirs of SRLVs under natural conditions. A total of 314 samples were tested from red deer (n = 255), roe deer (n = 52) and fallow deer (n = 7) using nested real-time PCR. DNA from positive real-time PCR samples was subsequently used to amplify a CA fragment (625 bp) of the gag gene, a 1.2 kb fragment of the pol gene and an LTR-gag fragment. Three samples (0.95%) were positive according to nested real-time PCR using primers and probe specific for CAEV (SRLV group B). All the samples were negative for the primers and probe specific for MVV (SRLV A group). Only SRLV LTR-gag sequences were obtained from two red deer. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these sequences were more closely related to CAEV than to MVV. Our results revealed that deer can carry SRLV proviral sequences and therefore may play a role in the epidemiology of SRLVs. To our knowledge, this is the first study describing SRLV sequences from red deer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of small ruminant Lentivirus proviral DNA in red deer from Poland

Olech,

Parzeniecka-Jaworska

2024

BMC Vet Res

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“…In goats, the prevalence obtained in our study was 81.25% of positive flocks, and the individual prevalence was 51.75%. Some studies reported a similar prevalence in goat flocks [ 49 ], and others reported a lower one, specifically for individual prevalence [ 1 , 6 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. Some of the lower levels of seroprevalences reported in some studies are due to official or voluntary control programs implemented in these countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remarkably, the high prevalence of SRLVs in flocks and at individual levels in various European countries is notorious; this might be explained by the high density of the ovine population and by intensive production systems [ 4 ]. Additionally, in caprine populations, studies have shown high prevalence percentages of this infection [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection in Sheep and Goats in North Portugal: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

et al. 2023

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Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are transmitted among ovine and caprine species. This disease is a severe problem for small ruminant production, not only for animals’ well-being but also for flocks’ efficiency. The main aim of this research was to quantify the seroprevalence and associated risk factors for SRLV infection in the northern region of Portugal. Samples were collected from a total of 150 flocks, of which 129 (86.0%; 95% CI: 80.67%–91.33%) had at least one seropositive animal. Out of 2607 individual blood samples, 1074 (41.2%) were positive for SRLVs. Risk factors associated with SRLV infection were species (caprine), age (>2 years old), flock size (>100 animals), production system (intensive), food production system (milk), type of activity (professional), participation in livestock competitions (yes), replacement young ewe bought (yes), and natural feeding management (yes). This knowledge empowers the implementation of effective preventive measures. Overall, biosecurity measures should be promoted and implemented with the main aim of reducing viral transmission and reducing the prevalence of this disease. We recognise that government authorities should promote and audit voluntary control and eradication programs in small ruminant flocks in the region studied.

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“…Genotype B is considered the most virulent genotype for goats, while genotype A seems to be more pathogenic in sheep ( 2 , 6 , 24 ). In Poland, SRLV occur quite commonly, with herd-level seroprevalence of 61% and 33.3% in goats and sheep, respectively ( 19 , 33 ). Genetic studies identified two genotypes (A and B) and 12 subtypes (A1, A5, A12, A13, A16, A17, A18, A23, A24, A27, B1 and B2) circulating in Poland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of serological and molecular methods for differentiation between genotype A and genotype B strains of small ruminant lentiviruses

Olech,

Kuźmak

2024

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) cause multisystemic, degenerative and chronic disease in sheep and goats. There are five genotypes (A, B, C, D and E), of which A and B are the most widespread. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serotyping efficiency of the Eradikit SRLV Genotyping ELISA and the molecular typing efficiency of a newly developed nested real-time PCR targeting the long terminal repeat–gag (LTR-gag) region using samples from animals infected with subtypes of SRLV known to circulate in Poland. Material and Methods A total of 97 sera samples taken from 34 sheep and 63 goats were immunoassayed, and 86 DNA samples from 31 sheep and 55 goats were tested with the PCR. All ruminants were infected with known SRLV strains of the A1, A5, A12, A13, A16, A17, A18, A23, A24, A27, B1 and B2 subtypes. Results A total of 69 (80.2%, 95% confidence interval 71.6%–88.8%) out of 86 tested samples gave positive results in the PCR. In 17 out of the 86 (19.8%) samples, no proviral DNA of SRLV was detected. The differentiation between MVV (genotype A) and CAEV (genotype B) by PCR matched the predating phylogenetic analysis invariably. No cross-reactivity was observed. On the other hand, the proportion of samples genotyped the same by the older phylogenetic analysis and the Eradikit SRLV Genotyping ELISA was 42.3%. The test was unable to classify 40.2% of samples, and 17.5% of sera were incorrectly classified. Conclusion Our results showed that the Eradikit SRLV genotyping kit is not a reliable method for predicting SRLV genotype, while the nested real-time PCR based on the LTR-gag region did prove to be, at least for genotypes A and B.

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A large-scale study on the seroprevalence of small ruminant lentiviral infection in the Polish goat population

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Detection of small ruminant Lentivirus proviral DNA in red deer from Poland

Detection of small ruminant Lentivirus proviral DNA in red deer from Poland

Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection in Sheep and Goats in North Portugal: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

Comparison of serological and molecular methods for differentiation between genotype A and genotype B strains of small ruminant lentiviruses

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