A laminated vitrimer composite with strain sensing, delamination self-healing, deicing, and room-temperature shape restoration properties

Konlan, John; Mensah, Patrick; Ibekwe, Samuel; Li, Guoqiang

doi:10.1177/00219983221098225

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, Yan and Li (2020a) developed a four-chain model to describe the constitutive behavior of enthalpy-driven SMPs, which was also validated by molecular dynamics simulation (Wick et al, 2021). A recent development in amorphous SMPs is the combination of the shape memory effect and other functionalities, such as selfhealing and recycling capabilities within the framework of vitrimers (Montarnal, et al, 2011;Lu et al, 2012;Gandini, 2013;Denissen et al, 2015;Obadia, et al, 2015;Chao et al, 2016;de Luzuriaga, et al, 2016;Lu et al, 2017;Nishimura, et al, 2017;Rottger, et al, 2017;Feng et al, 2019;Yuan et al, 2019;Feng et al, 2020a;Feng and Li, 2020b;Konlan et al, 2020;Suslu et al, 2020;Feng and Li, 2021a;Feng and Li, 2021b;Feng and Li, 2021c;Feng and Li, 2022;Konlan et al, 2022), which seamlessly utilized the shape memory effect to close the wide-opened crack first and heal the closed crack by the adaptable covalent network (CAN), per the close-then-heal (CTH) strategy initiated in Li's lab (John and Li, 2010;Li and John, 2008;Li and Nettles, 2010;Li and Uppu, 2010;Nji and Li, 2010a;Nji and Li, 2010b;Nji and Li, 2012). The combination of the shape memory effect with flame retardancy is another new development (Feng et al, 2019;Feng et al, 2020a;Feng et al, 2020b;Feng and Li, 2021a;Feng and Li, 2021b;…”

Section: Figure 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight in thermomechanical constitutive modeling of shape memory polymers

Shojaei

Xu²,

Yan

et al. 2022

Front. Mech. Eng.

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Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are a new member of the smart materials family. SMPs have found wide applications or potential applications in almost all manmade structures and devices. In order to better design smart structures and devices using SMPs, thermomechanical constitutive modeling is essential. In this insight paper, we will focus on presenting several multi-length-scale and multi-physics modeling frameworks, including the thermodynamics consistent model, elasto-viscoplastic model, statistical mechanics model, and phase evaluation law model. The SMPs modeled will include amorphous one-way shape memory polymers, semicrystalline one-way shape memory polymers, semicrystalline two-way shape memory polymers, and functional and mechanical damage effects on SMPs. Finally, we will give some in-depth perspectives on future development in this area of study.

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Section: Figure 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight in thermomechanical constitutive modeling of shape memory polymers

Shojaei

Xu²,

Yan

et al. 2022

Front. Mech. Eng.

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“…And the propagation is calculated by taking the difference between the maximum impact energy and the initiation energy. Thus, it can be deduced that, a large value of CIE and a small propagation energy suggest a high impact tolerance [63,64].…”

Section: Impact Test and Cai Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multifunctional hybrid extrinsic–intrinsic self-healing laminated composites

Konlan

Feng

2023

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Damage healing in fiber reinforced thermoset polymer composites has been generally divided into intrinsic healing by the polymer itself and extrinsic healing by incorporation of external healing agent. In this study, we propose to use a hybrid extrinsic-intrinsic self-healing strategy to heal delamination in laminated composite induced by low velocity impact. Especially, we propose to use an intrinsic self-healing thermoset vitrimer as an external healing agent, to heal delamination in laminated thermoset polymer composites. To this purpose, we designed and synthesized a new vitrimer, machined it into powders, and strategically sprayed a layer of vitrimer powders at the interface between the laminas during manufacturing. Also, a thermoset shape memory polymer with fire-proof property was used as the matrix. As a result, incorporation of about 3% by volume of vitrimer powders made the laminate exhibit multifunctionalities such as repeated delamination healing, excellent shape memory effect, improved toughness and impact tolerance, and decent fire-proof properties. In particular, the novel vitrimer powder imparted the laminate with first cycle and second cycle delamination healing efficiencies of 98.06 % and 85.93 %, respectively. The laminate also exhibited high recovery stress of 65.6 MPa. This multifunctional composite laminate has a great potential in various engineering applications, for example, actuators, robotics, deployable structures, and smart fire-proof structures.

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“…The results of fatigue tests showed that each repair cycle produced almost complete recovery of bending strength and modulus. Konlan et al 92 developed a multifunctional composite laminate with high impact resistance, self‐healing ability, strain sensing, joule heating, de‐icing and room temperature shape recovery capacity. The epoxy vitrimer was used as the matrix and unidirectional glass fibers as the reinforcing fibers.…”

Section: Intrinsic Self‐healing Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic and extrinsic self‐healing fiber‐reinforced polymer composites: A review

Wang,

Tang,

Chen

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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With their high specific modulus, high specific strength and designability, fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have replaced or surpassed traditional metallic materials in a wide range of applications. However, the polymer matrix of commonly used FRP composites is usually a thermosetting polymer that is difficult to rework once formed, which implants a substantial challenge for the repair and recycling of composites. Self‐repair, as an emerging method of repairing polymer‐based materials, has the advantages of simplification, high efficiency and repeatability against traditional repair methods. Research on self‐healing polymer materials is developing rapidly and becoming more systematic. With the development of self‐healing polymer, polymer‐based composites with self‐healing capabilities are becoming possible. This paper reviews the current development of self‐healing polymers in recent years, with specific emphasis on their applications in FRP composites. According to the difference in healing mechanisms, the self‐healing polymer composites are split into two categories, intrinsic and extrinsic ones. The essential concepts and different types of intrinsic and extrinsic self‐healing composites are first introduced. Then, their pros and cons are discussed, respectively. Finally, the perspectives of intrinsic as well as extrinsic self‐healing FRP composites are put forward.Highlights Development of self‐healing fiber‐reinforced polymer composites. Extrinsic and intrinsic self‐healing fiber‐reinforced polymer composites. Pros and cons of self‐healing fiber‐reinforced polymer composites. Perspectives of self‐healing fiber‐reinforced polymer composites.

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A laminated vitrimer composite with strain sensing, delamination self-healing, deicing, and room-temperature shape restoration properties

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Insight in thermomechanical constitutive modeling of shape memory polymers

Insight in thermomechanical constitutive modeling of shape memory polymers

A multifunctional hybrid extrinsic–intrinsic self-healing laminated composites

Intrinsic and extrinsic self‐healing fiber‐reinforced polymer composites: A review

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