A laboratory system to estimate ammonia volatilization

Cadre, Edith Le; Génermont, Sophie; Decuq, Céline; Recous, Sylvie; Cellier, Pierre

doi:10.1051/agro:2004060

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The effect of manure and soil properties on NH 3 emissions has been extensively investigated in field (Thompson & Meisinger 2002; Sommer et al 2004 a ; Misselbrook et al 2005) and laboratory studies (Amon et al 2006; Sommer et al 2006). For laboratory assessment, the dynamic chamber is the most utilized method, in which NH 3 emitted from manure is collected in acid solutions (sulphuric, boric or ortho-phosphoric) and determined via titration (Le Cadre et al 2005). Recently, slurry infiltration (Sommer & Jacobsen 1999), slurry type (Sommer et al 2006), urease inhibitor (Watson et al 2008) and no-till (Rochette et al 2009) effects on potential NH 3 emissions were investigated using dynamic chambers coupled with acid traps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory assessment of ammonia emission after soil application of treated and untreated manures

et al. 2011

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SUMMARYAmmonia (NH3) volatilization from soil-applied manure not only causes environmental pollution but also reduces the fertilization value of the manure. Anaerobic digestion and solid/liquid separation alter the physical and chemical characteristics of slurry, which affect NH3 emissions after application. The present study measured potential laboratory NH3 losses from different manures, untreated pig slurry and the liquid fractions of each untreated and digested slurry, after their application to two different soil types. The experiment was carried out in dynamic chambers using a photoacoustic infrared gas analyser to determine the NH3 concentration in the air stream directly.The estimated values of nitrogen (N) emitted for surface-applied, untreated pig slurry were 0·26±0·064 mg per mg of applied total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN). For the liquid fractions of pig slurry and digested pig slurry, results were 0·13±0·064 and 0·16±0·064 mg/mg, respectively. Initial NH3–N emission rates from surface-applied, untreated pig slurry were higher than those measured for either liquid fraction; in the case of the untreated pig slurry, half was emitted in the first 4·9 h of measurement. Silty-loam soil showed a higher N emission than loam soil with surface-applied slurries. This result was probably due to the higher infiltration rate of loam soil, even offsetting the effect of its high soil pH. Immediate manure incorporation into the soil was shown to reduce NH3 emissions by 82%. Results demonstrated that a method combining dynamic chambers with a photoacoustic gas analyser was as reliable as the widely used acid traps method. Moreover, direct measurement with the gas analyser permits an increasing temporal resolution that gave a high-quality description of the NH3 emission dynamic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory assessment of ammonia emission after soil application of treated and untreated manures

et al. 2011

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“…However, these studies mostly simulated the storage of organic fertilizers so that the emitting surface area in relation to the amount of slurry used for the experiment was also substantially lower. Other studies have worked with higher exchange rates [19,28,61]. In their incubation experiments, Kim and Kim [33] have shown that the ammonia flux is in a linear relationship to the air flow through the incubation chamber.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Incubation System for the Simulation of Ammonia Emissions from Soil Surface-Applied Slurry: Effect of pH and Acid Type

Ellersiek,

Olfs

2024

Agronomy

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Acidification of slurry is a promising approach for reducing ammonia emissions during the application procedure. Since only a few studies have been conducted focusing on ammonia emissions during the application of liquid organic fertilizers on the soil surface, a suitable incubation system was developed to evaluate the effects of acidification under controlled conditions. This incubation system was used to measure the ammonia emissions of various liquid organic fertilizers. The substrates were acidified with sulfuric and citric acid to different pH values to determine both the influence of the pH value of the substrates and of the type of acid on the ammonia emissions. The emissions decreased with declining pH value, and the reduction in emissions compared to the initial pH of the substrate was over 86% for pH 6.5 and over 98% for pH 6.0 and below. At the same pH value, the ammonia emissions did not differ between substrates acidified with citric acid and sulfuric acid, although more than twice as much 50% citric acid was required compared to 96% sulfuric acid to achieve the same pH value. Overall, our results demonstrate that the incubation system used is suitable for measuring ammonia emissions from surface-applied liquid organic fertilizers. The system allows for the differentiation of emission levels at various pH levels and is therefore suitable for testing the effectiveness of additives for reducing ammonia emissions from liquid organic fertilizers.

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“…To assess the effect of soil temperature on NH 3 concentrations, we also show the T skin evolution in Figure 4b over the same area from ERA5. It has been shown in previous studies that the rate of emission of NH 3 from the soil upon the application of fertilizers is mostly affected by temperature and humidity of the soil and air among other factors (Sharpe and Harper, 1995;Anderson et al, 2003;Le Cadre et al, 2005;Dari et al, 2019).…”

Section: Land-use Change In Northeast Syriamentioning

confidence: 99%

A space view of agricultural and industrial changes during the Syrian civil war

Abeed

Clerbaux

Clarisse

et al. 2021

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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The agricultural sector in Syria was heavily affected by the civil war that started in 2011. We investigate the war’s impact on the country’s atmospheric ammonia (NH3) from 2008 to 2019, using measurements from the infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer instrument on board the Metop satellites. We examine the changes in NH3 close to a fertilizer industry, whose activities were suspended due to conflict-related events. We also explore the effect of war-induced land use/land cover changes on agriculture-emitted ammonia in north-east Syria that has witnessed battles between different groups. The interpretation of the changes in NH3 is supported by different datasets: visible satellite imagery to assess the effect on industrial activity, reanalysis data from the European center for medium-range weather forecasts to look at the effect of meteorology (temperature, wind speed, and precipitation), and land cover and burned area products from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) to examine land use/land cover changes and fire events during the study period. We show that the NH3 columns are directly affected by the war. Periods of intense conflict are reflected in lower values over the industry reaching –17%, –47%, and –32% in 2013, 2014, and 2016, respectively, compared to the [2008–2012] average, and a decrease reaching –14% and –15% in the croplands’ area in northeast Syria during 2017 and 2018 (compared to 2011), respectively. Toward the end of the control of Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, an increase in atmospheric NH3 was accompanied by an increase in croplands’ area that reached up to +35% in 2019 as compared to prewar (2011). This study shows the relevance of remote-sensing data of atmospheric composition in studying societal changes at a local and regional scale.

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A laboratory system to estimate ammonia volatilization

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Laboratory assessment of ammonia emission after soil application of treated and untreated manures

Laboratory assessment of ammonia emission after soil application of treated and untreated manures

An Incubation System for the Simulation of Ammonia Emissions from Soil Surface-Applied Slurry: Effect of pH and Acid Type

A space view of agricultural and industrial changes during the Syrian civil war

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