A Laboratory Investigation of Soil Stabilization Using Enzyme and Alkali-Activated Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag

Thomas, Ansu; Tripathi, Ramesh Kumar; Yadu, Laxmikant

doi:10.1007/s13369-017-3033-x

Cited by 68 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further studies on the potential of adding GGBS and fly ash as soil stabilizers with the aim of increasing the soil compression strength, controlling the swelling potential of clay soil, and reducing the curing time to achieve a maximum power of soil [ 22 , 23 ]. The civil engineering industry has always been keen on searching for an environmentally friendly, alternative solution with low carbon dioxide emission as a new and sustainable material to replace Portland cement as a soil stabilizer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The civil engineering industry has always been keen on searching for an environmentally friendly, alternative solution with low carbon dioxide emission as a new and sustainable material to replace Portland cement as a soil stabilizer. Recently, the use of geopolymers as a green material has shown to be an excellent alternative to Portland cement for enhancing weak soil [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Geopolymers have impressive engineering properties, including greater strength and better adhesion to soil properties [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation on the Mechanical Properties of Ground Granulated Blast Slag (GGBS) and Fly Ash Stabilized Soil via Geopolymer Process

et al. 2021

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This study intended to address the problem of damaged (collapsed, cracked and decreased soil strength) road pavement structure built on clay soil due to clay soil properties such as low shear strength, high soil compressibility, low soil permeability, low soil strength, and high soil plasticity. Previous research reported that ground granulated blast slag (GGBS) and fly ash can be used for clay soil stabilizations, but the results of past research indicate that the road pavement construction standards remained unfulfilled, especially in terms of clay’s subgrade soil. Due to this reason, this study is carried out to further investigate soil stabilization using GGBS and fly ash-based geopolymer processes. This study investigates the effects of GGBS and ratios of fly ash (solid) to alkaline activator (liquid) of 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, and 3:1, cured for 1 and 7 days. The molarity of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the ratio of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) to sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was fixed at 10 molar and 2.0 weight ratio. The mechanical properties of the soil stabilization based geopolymer process were tested using an unconfined compression test, while the characterization of soil stabilization was investigated using the plastic limit test, liquid limit test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the highest strength obtained was 3.15 MPA with a GGBS to alkaline activator ratio of 1.5 and Na2SiO3 to NaOH ratio of 2.0 at 7 days curing time. These findings are useful in enhancing knowledge in the field of soil stabilization-based geopolymer, especially for applications in pavement construction. In addition, it can be used as a reference for academicians, civil engineers, and geotechnical engineers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation on the Mechanical Properties of Ground Granulated Blast Slag (GGBS) and Fly Ash Stabilized Soil via Geopolymer Process

et al. 2021

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“…Its structure depends on the Si/Al ratio as described below: poly( . wH 2 O [12][13][14]. Where "M" is a cation (alkaline element), "n" is the degree of polymerization, the symbol (-) indicates the presence of a bond, "z" is 1, 2 or 3 and "w" is the degree of hydration [15].…”

Section: Geopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geopolymer: A Review of Structure, Applications and Properties of Fiber Reinforced Composites

Grance

Paiva

Souza

et al. 2018

RDMS

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Geopolymers are a new class of high performance materials able to replace traditional Portland cement due to its excellent mechanical properties, high initial resistance and durability. The raw material used for the production of geopolymers generally consists of industrial wastes such as fly ash and met kaolin, both rich in silica and alumina. Thus, geopolymers are an economically viable alternative for minimizing environmental impact by carbon sequestration. Although extremely resistant, their mechanical properties can be improved by the insertion of reinforcing agents. Among them, the fibers improve several properties such as tensile strength and toughness; besides allow controlling the cracking mechanism and the ductility of the geopolymer composites. Among the fibers used as geopolymer reinforcement the metallic, inorganic, organic and natural fibers should be highlighted. Each of these reinforcement materials influences positively the mechanical properties of the geopolymer composite, thus favoring a wide range of applications, especially in civil construction. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the influence of the addition of different fibers on the mechanical properties of geopolymer matrix composites.

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“…Lime has been used as an activator of GGBS in ground-improvement works where its incorporation has been shown to be very useful in reducing the expansion associated with the presence of sulfates in the soil and increasing soil strength (Higgins, 2005;Wild et al, 1996Wild et al, , 1998. However, it has been reported that lime does not give a consistent improvement due to environmental impacts, poor early strength development, long setting time and insufficient high pH values (Sargent, 2015;Thomas et al, 2018;Yi et al, 2014). Recently, reactive magnesia (MgO) has emerged as an ecofriendly activator to accelerate the hydration of GGBS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering properties of clayey soil stabilised with alkali-activated slag

Algoo

Akhlaghi

Ranjbarnia

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Impr

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The effects of alkali-activated slag on the engineering properties of clayey soil were investigated. The mix proportion parameters were chosen by using Taguchi's experimental design methodology. Four factors (groundgranulated blast-furnace slag content, concentration of sodium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide-to-sodium silicate weight ratio and alkaline solution-to-slag weight ratio) were assessed in order to obtain the greatest compaction properties, uniaxial compressive strength and California bearing ratio (CBR). Significant improvements were observed in the mechanical properties (unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and CBR) of the clayey soil with addition of the stabilisers. Optimal values (15% slag content, sodium hydroxide concentration of 6 M, sodium hydroxide-to-sodium silicate ratio of 0•5 and alkaline solution-to-slag ratio of 2•5) increased the UCS of the compound from 8 to 100 kg/cm 2 at 7 d. The excessive addition of alkaline solutions weakened the strength parameters of the soil. The results showed that the most influential factor was the alkaline solution-to-slag weight ratio. The Taguchi method is an effective and suitable experimental method for optimising alkali-activated slag parameters. NotationA alkaline liquid-to-slag ratio M concentration of sodium hydroxide solution R sodium hydroxide-to-sodium silicate solution ratio S ground-granulated blast-furnace slag content 17 Cite this articleDavari Algoo S, Akhlaghi T and Ranjbarnia M (2021) Engineering properties of clayey soil stabilised with alkali-activated slag.

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A Laboratory Investigation of Soil Stabilization Using Enzyme and Alkali-Activated Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag

Cited by 68 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation on the Mechanical Properties of Ground Granulated Blast Slag (GGBS) and Fly Ash Stabilized Soil via Geopolymer Process

Evaluation on the Mechanical Properties of Ground Granulated Blast Slag (GGBS) and Fly Ash Stabilized Soil via Geopolymer Process

Geopolymer: A Review of Structure, Applications and Properties of Fiber Reinforced Composites

Engineering properties of clayey soil stabilised with alkali-activated slag

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