A laboratory experiment to examine the effects of nutrient enrichment on macrophyte and epiphyte growth

Eminson, David; Phillips, G.

doi:10.1080/03680770.1977.11896489

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Grazing rates may have been higher on periphyton than phytoplankton in the swamp, or phytoplankton may respond more rapidly to nutrient supply than periphyton in this system. While some studies indicate that nutrients stimulate periphyton more than phytoplankton (Eminson & Phillips, 1978;Kairsalo et al, 1985), others show that phytoplankton have a greater P/B and an increased response to eutrophication relative to periphyton (Kairsalo, 1980;Rosemarin & Gelin, 1978). Local differences in hydrologic regimes appear to be linked to the seasonal cycle of algae at different sites in the swamp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal dynamics and spatial variation of algae in relation to hydrology and sediment characteristics in the Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia

Schoenberg

Oliver

1988

Hydrobiologia

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In a 20-month study, phytoplankton and periphyton chl a, and dry mass of macroscopic algal aggregates in four marshes and a lake within the Okefenokee Swamp (Georgia, USA) were comparable to other wetlands and lake littoral areas. Chlorophyll levels in two marshes were inversely related to water level and phytoplankton at three marshes developed unimodal maxima following macrophyte dieback. Standing stocks in a vernally inundated marsh were greater than a nearby marsh which was permanently inundated; chlorophyll levels displayed longer blooms in the inundated marsh during periods of low rainfall or after drought. Field dynamics, sediment sorption characteristics and algal bioassays suggest that evaporative drawdown stimulates algae by release of nutrients from exposed peat, while high water levels reduce nutrient release from sediments and disperse phytoplankton through flushing. Equilibrium phosphate concentrations of sediments and algal levels were higher at an abandoned rookery than a nearby non-rookery area, indicating nutrient enrichment from residual guano deposits.Littoral algae are recognized as important producers in lake ecosystems. For some shallow lakes, these algae generate 25 -80% of total lake productivity including that of macrophytes (Adams

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal dynamics and spatial variation of algae in relation to hydrology and sediment characteristics in the Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia

Schoenberg

Oliver

1988

Hydrobiologia

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“…Under these conditions it seems unlikely that competition for light would cause the loss of plant populations in such shallow lakes and the mechanism for their demise is probably more complex. Eminson and Phillips (1978) showed a reduction in growth of Najas marina with epiphyte growth at high nutrient concentrations in the laboratory, and postulated that at low nutrient concentrations rooted aquatic plants, which could obtain nutrients from the sediment, were able to prevent epiphytic growth by organic secretions. At higher nutrient levels when both phytoplankton and epiphytic growth was greater the combined effect of shading by these algae could reduce the plants' capability of producing algicidal secretions, reduce growth rate and eventually lead to the loss of the submerged plants.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Eutrophication of Freshwaters

Wood¹,

Harper²

1992

217

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“…1978). In controlled laboratory experiments, increased nutrient loading encourages periphyton growth (Eminson & Phillips 1978; Jones et al . 1999), and a negative relationship between periphyton abundance and plant performance has been shown, particularly for isoetid plants (Sand‐Jensen 1977; Sand‐Jensen & Søndergaard 1981; Sand‐Jensen & Borum 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of nutrient loading, dissolved inorganic carbon and higher trophic levels on the interaction between submerged plants and periphyton

et al. 2002

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Summary 1We studied the growth of a submerged aquatic plant in relation to periphytic and planktonic algae over a range of nutrient and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) availabilities. 2 In consecutive years two factorial experiments were conducted in 48 artificial ponds (each 3.14 m 3 ), comprising four concentrations of DIC (1.5, 2.5, 3.5 or 4.5 m  ) each crossed with three separate nutrient loadings (10 µ g L -1 P and 0.2 mg L N, 50 µ g L -1 P and 1 mg L N, or 200 µ g L -1 P and 4 mg L N). The second experiment differed by the inclusion of fish in the ponds. 3 In the first year DIC had no effect on plant growth, but nutrient loading did. Plants failed to grow in treatments where phytoplankton density was high (> 100 µ g L -1). Where phytoplankton was low, high numbers of invertebrates colonized the ponds, and periphyton abundance on the plants was low. In the second year, where phytoplankton never achieved the densities of the previous year, there was a significant effect of DIC concentration on plant growth but not of nutrients. Invertebrate abundance was lower and periphyton on the plants correspondingly higher. 4 In both years increased nutrient loading had no effect on the abundance of periphyton growing on the surface of the plants. Periphyton abundance was determined by the density of grazing invertebrates in the ponds. 5 There was a negative relationship between periphyton density and final plant density, which became significantly less steep with increasing DIC, indicating that periphyton and plants were competing for carbon. 6 DIC concentration has the potential to influence community structure in shallow lakes, altering competitive interactions between periphyton and plants and rendering low DIC lakes more prone to loss of plants when nutrient loading increases. However, the expression of this competition between periphyton and plants will depend on the density of grazing invertebrates present, which is itself influenced by the intensity of fish predation on those invertebrates.

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A laboratory experiment to examine the effects of nutrient enrichment on macrophyte and epiphyte growth

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Temporal dynamics and spatial variation of algae in relation to hydrology and sediment characteristics in the Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia

Temporal dynamics and spatial variation of algae in relation to hydrology and sediment characteristics in the Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia

Eutrophication of Freshwaters

The influence of nutrient loading, dissolved inorganic carbon and higher trophic levels on the interaction between submerged plants and periphyton

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