A laboratory analogue of the event horizon using slow light in an atomic medium

Quantum physics of simple optical instruments

“…Waves in the fluid, sound waves [181,184], surface waves [165] or light waves [34,111,164] are trapped when the flow exceeds the speed of the wave in the medium, the speed of sound or the effective speed of light, for example. To turn this simple analogy into measurements of emergent Hawking radiation will take extraordinary media though -Bose-Einstein condensates of alkali vapours [49,154] for sonic holes [55,117], two phases of superfluid Helium-3 [186] for ripple holes [165] and slow-light media [116,125] for optical holes [112,114,115]. Note that the possibly realistic version of the optical hole [114,115] differs from ordinary black holes.…”

“…To turn this simple analogy into measurements of emergent Hawking radiation will take extraordinary media though -Bose-Einstein condensates of alkali vapours [49,154] for sonic holes [55,117], two phases of superfluid Helium-3 [186] for ripple holes [165] and slow-light media [116,125] for optical holes [112,114,115]. Note that the possibly realistic version of the optical hole [114,115] differs from ordinary black holes. It does not involve a moving medium and belongs to a different class of quantum catastrophes [115] than the Hawking effect [25,36,67,68].…”

Fiber-Optical Analog of the Event Horizon

“…Our scheme thus solves two problems at once in a natural way: how to let an effective medium move at superluminal speed and how to generate a steep velocity profile at the horizon; the various aspects of the physics of artificial black holes conspire together, in contrast to most other proposals [1,2,3,4,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. overtake it.…”

“…For example, the analogy between gravity and surface waves in fluids [13] has inspired ideas for artificial event horizons at the interface between two sliding superfluid phases [14], but, so far, none of the quantum features of horizons has been measured in Helium-3. Proposals for optical black holes [15,16] have relied on slowing down light [17] such that it matches the speed of the medium [15] or on bringing light to a complete standstill [16], but in these cases absorption may pose a severe problem near the horizon where the spectral transparency window [17] vanishes.…”

Aharonov–Bohm effect for a fermion field in a planar black hole “spacetime”

“…Since then, the study of analog models of gravity [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] has become an important field where one investigates the Hawking radiation as well as to improve the theoretical understanding of quantum gravity. For such analog models there are many examples, so we highlight gravity waves [20], water [21], slow light [22][23][24], optical fibers [25] and electromagnetic waveguides [26]. Specially in fluid systems, the propagation of perturbations of the fluid has been analyzed in many analog models of acoustic black holes, such as the models of superfluid helium II [27], atomic Bose-Einstein a e-mail: anacleto@df.ufcg.edu.br b e-mail: fabrito@df.ufcg.edu.br c e-mail: a.mohammadi@fisica.ufpb.br d e-mail: passos@df.ufcg.edu.br condensates [28,29] and one-dimensional Fermi degenerate noninteracting gas [30] that were elaborated to create a sonic black hole geometry in the laboratory.…”