Ever since the creation of the world’s first zoological and botanical gardens five thousand years ago, people have collected, displayed, and depicted animals and plants from lands far beyond their everyday experience. Some did so to demonstrate power over far-flung territories; others to enhance prestige by possessing something no one had ever seen before. Exotica also satisfied intellectual curiosity, educated and entertained, and furthered scientific inquiry. The earliest evidence we have shows that exotic fauna and flora—and the state-sponsored images of them—were instruments of political persuasion, and in turn often exerted considerable influence over expansionist policies. This book tells the fascinating story behind the many ways the exotic have appeared in Western art. Beginning in the world of Mesopotamia in the Bronze Age, the text travels chronologically through the Classical, Byzantine, Islamic, and Renaissance periods to end in the New World’s gardens of Eden, meeting such characters as Albrecht Durer’s rhinoceros, Hatshepsut’s beloved baboons, Empress Josephine’s kangaroos, and Seleucus’s tiger along the way.