A Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Nitrite by Stopped-Flow Technique

Wang, Ruiyong; Gao, Xiang; Lu, Ying‐Tang

doi:10.2116/analsci.22.299

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…More sensitive methods are often needed to assess the photochemistry of nitrite. [103][104][105] Much interest has recently been devoted to the photochemical generation of COH by CDOM, as there is an indication that CDOM itself would be the main source of · OH in many (and possibly most) surface-water environments. [57,77,[106][107][108] Given the high structural complexity of CDOM, the understanding of the processes involved in COH generation is much more difficult (and much less clear at present) compared to the cases of nitrate and nitrite.…”

Section: Hydroxyl Radicals (Coh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Photochemistry in Sunlit Surface Waters: Photoinduced Production of Reactive Transient Species

Vione

Minella

Maurino

et al. 2014

Chemistry A European J

345

294

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This paper gives an overview of the main reactive transient species that are produced in surface waters by sunlight illumination of photoactive molecules (photosensitizers), such as nitrate, nitrite, and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The main transients (˙OH, CO3(-˙) , (1)O2, and CDOM triplet states) are involved in the indirect phototransformation of a very wide range of persistent organic pollutants in surface waters.

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Section: Hydroxyl Radicals (Coh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Photochemistry in Sunlit Surface Waters: Photoinduced Production of Reactive Transient Species

Vione

Minella

Maurino

et al. 2014

Chemistry A European J

345

294

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Here, we have used the stopped-flow fluorescence technique, in which the sample and reagent solutions were mixed rapidly and measurements made almost instantaneously after mixing. 31,32 Fluorescence spectroscopy has been used to monitor the stopped-flow kinetics due to its higher time resolution and inherent sensitivity to fast processes. The effect of the cationic BBCP-ctDNA charge ratios as well as the effect of PEG content of the cationic BBCPs on the kinetics of the DNA complexation process has been investigated in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between calf thymus DNA and cationic bottle-brush copolymers: equilibrium and stopped-flow kinetic studies

Dey

Maiti

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Interaction studies between a set of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) based cationic bottle-brush block copolymers (BBCPs) and calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) were carried out using steady state fluorescence spectroscopy, UV melting experiments and dynamic light scattering measurements. Results suggested that these cationic block copolymers could effectively bind with negatively charged DNA. Although electrostatic interaction is believed to be the predominant contributing factor in the overall binding process, hydrophobic interactions between the PEG chains and the DNA base pairs affected the binding process to some extent. Cationic block copolymers with higher PEG content were found to bind more efficiently with DNA. DLS studies revealed the details of the compaction process of elongated DNA chains into a globular structure in the presence of cationic block copolymers. Further, the kinetics of the DNA-cationic BBCP binding process was monitored via the stopped-flow fluorescence technique. In general, a two-step mechanistic pathway was observed in the case of all the cationic BBCP-DNA binding processes and the relative rate constants (k1'and k2') were found to increase with the copolymer concentration. The first step corresponded to a fast electrostatic binding between the cationic BBCP and the anionic ctDNA, while the slow second step indicated a conformational change of the DNA polyplex that led to DNA compaction. In addition to the polymer-DNA charge ratios, the PEG content in the cationic BBCPs was found to have a significant effect on the kinetics of the ctDNA-BBCP polyplex formation.

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“…Previously, techniques like stopped-flow fluorescence, circular dichroism, and potentiometry have been used to monitor the kinetics of several DNA–surfactant systems. For kinetic studies of fast reactions, where rapid mixing of reactant solutions is necessary, a stopped-flow technique has been the most widely accepted method in analytical biochemistry. , It allows two reactant solutions to be mixed rapidly and automatically as well as measurements to be made instantaneously after mixing . The fast response of the stopped-flow apparatus ensures an experimental time window in the millisecond range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stopped-Flow Kinetic Studies of Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer–Calf Thymus DNA To Form Dendriplexes

et al. 2013

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Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers are known to be highly efficient nonviral carriers in gene delivery. Dendrimer-mediated transfection is known to be a function of the dendrimer to DNA charge ratio as well as the size of the dendrimer. In the present study, the binding kinetics of four PAMAM dendrimers (G1, G2, G3, and G4) with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) has been studied using stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy. The effect of dendrimer-to-DNA charge ratio and dendrimer generation on the binding kinetics was investigated. In most cases, the results of dendrimer-CT-DNA binding can be explained by a two-step reaction mechanism: a rapid electrostatic binding between the dendrimer and DNA, followed by a conformational change of the dendrimer-DNA complex that ultimately leads to DNA condensation. It was observed that the charge ratio on the dendrimer and the DNA phosphate groups, as well as the dendrimer generation (size), has a marked effect on the kinetics of binding between the DNA and the dendrimers. The rate constant (k'1) of the first step was much higher compared to that of the second step (k'2), and both were found to increase with an increase in dendrimer concentration. Among the four generations of dendrimers, G4 exhibited significantly faster binding kinetics compared to the three smaller generation dendrimers.

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A Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Nitrite by Stopped-Flow Technique

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Indirect Photochemistry in Sunlit Surface Waters: Photoinduced Production of Reactive Transient Species

Indirect Photochemistry in Sunlit Surface Waters: Photoinduced Production of Reactive Transient Species

Interaction between calf thymus DNA and cationic bottle-brush copolymers: equilibrium and stopped-flow kinetic studies

Stopped-Flow Kinetic Studies of Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer–Calf Thymus DNA To Form Dendriplexes

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