A kinematic and proper-motion survey of the Cygnus Loop

Shull, Peter; Hippelein, H.

doi:10.1086/170828

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Projection effects are more severe in the interior, but these optical images and high-resolution spectroscopy (Kirshner & Taylor 1976;Greidanus & Strom 1991;Shull & Hippelein 1991) together help unravel the tangled Cygnus Loop. In all cases, the optical emission is the result of the interaction of the three-dimensional blast wave surface with dense structures in the ISM.…”

Section: Projected Interiormentioning

confidence: 99%

Panoramic Views of the Cygnus Loop

Levenson

Graham

Keller

et al. 1998

ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S

113

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We present a complete atlas of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant in the light of [O III] (5007), H alpha, and [S II] (6717, 6731). Despite its shell-like appearance, the Cygnus Loop is not a current example of a Sedov-Taylor blast wave. Rather, the optical emission traces interactions of the supernova blast wave with clumps of gas. The surrounding interstellar medium forms the walls of a cavity through which the blast wave now propagates, including a nearly complete shell in which non-radiative filaments are detected. The Cygnus Loop blast wave is not breaking out of a dense cloud, but is instead running into confining walls. The interstellar medium dominates not only the appearance of the Cygnus Loop but also the continued evolution of the blast wave. If this is a typical example of a supernova remnant, then global models of the interstellar medium must account for such significant blast wave deceleration.Comment: 28 pages AAS Latex, 28 black+white figures, 6 color figures. To be published in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Serie

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Section: Projected Interiormentioning

confidence: 99%

Panoramic Views of the Cygnus Loop

Levenson

Graham

Keller

et al. 1998

ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S

113

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“…It is of interest to note that Braun & Strom (1986) concluded d \ 460^160 pc more than a decade ago, based on HubbleÏs (1937) and MinkowskiÏs (1958) original data but Ðtting for the best mean expansion velocity instead of using the extreme of the velocity ellipse (as done by Minkowski). Also, Shull & Hippelein (1991) estimated a distance of 600 pc but with a large uncertainty that extended upward and downward by a factor of 2. Taken in this light, the distance derived here is not out of line with the existing measurements for the bright Ðlaments.…”

Section: A New Proper-motion Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distance to the Cygnus Loop from [ITAL]HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE[/ITAL][ITAL]Hubble Space Telescope[/ITAL] Imaging of the Primary Shock Front

Blair¹,

Sankrit²,

Raymond³

et al. 1999

The Astronomical Journal

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We present a Hubble Space T elescope (HST ) Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 narrowband Ha image of a region on the northeastern limb of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant. This location provides a detailed example of where the primary blast wave Ðrst encounters the surrounding interstellar medium. The Ðlament structure is seen in exquisite detail in this image, which was obtained primarily as an EARLY ACQuisition image for a follow-up spectroscopic program. We compare the HST image with a digitized version of the POSS-I red plate to measure the proper motion of this Ðlament. By combining this value for the proper motion with previous measurements of the shock velocity at this position we Ðnd that the distance to the Cygnus Loop is pc, considerably smaller than the canonical value 440~1 00 130 of 770 pc. We brieÑy discuss the ramiÐcations of this new distance estimate for our understanding of this prototypical supernova remnant.

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“…Charles et al (1984) suggested the spectral type of the progenitor star of the Cygnus Loop to be later than B0 based on the radius of the cavity. Shull & Hippelein (1991) restricted the spectral type to be B stars rather than O stars. Since O stars tend to destroy almost anything around them due to the photoevaporation, they would not have left well-defined cavities or shells (Shull et al 1985).…”

Section: Progenitor Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Radial Structure of the Cygnus Loop Supernova Remnant: Possible Evidence of a Cavity Explosion

Miyata¹,

Tsunemi²

1999

ApJ

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We observed the North-East (NE) Limb toward the center region of the Cygnus Loop with the ASCA Observatory. In our previous paper (Miyata et al. 1994), we analyzed the data obtained with the X-ray CCD cameras (SISs).We found a radial variation of electron temperature (kT e ) and ionization timescale (log(τ )) whereas no variation could be found for the abundances of heavy elements. In this paper, we re-analyzed the same data set and new observations with the latest calibration files. Then we constructed the precise spatial variations of kT e , log(τ ), and abundances of O, Ne, Mg, Si, and Fe over the field of view (FOV). We found a spatial variation not only in kT e and in log(τ ) but also in most of heavy elements. As described in Miyata et al. (1994), values of kT e increase and those of log(τ ) decrease toward the inner region. We found that the abundance of heavy elements increases toward the inner region. The radial profiles of O, Ne, and Fe show clear jump structures at a radius of 0.9 R s , where R s is the shock radius. Outside of 0.9 R s , abundances of all elements are constant. On the contrary, inside of 0.9 R s , abundances of these elements are 20-30 % larger than those obtained outside of 0.9 R s . The radial profile of kT e also shows the jump structure at 0.9 R s . This means that the hot and metal rich plasma fills the volume inside of 0.9 R s . We concluded that this jump structure was the possible evidence for the pre-existing cavity produced by the precursor. If the ejecta fills inside of 0.9 R s , the total mass of the ejecta was roughly 4 M ⊙ . We then estimated the main-sequence mass to be roughly 15 M ⊙ , which supports the massive star in origin of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant and the existence of a pre-existing cavity.

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A kinematic and proper-motion survey of the Cygnus Loop

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Panoramic Views of the Cygnus Loop

Panoramic Views of the Cygnus Loop

Distance to the Cygnus Loop from [ITAL]HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE[/ITAL][ITAL]Hubble Space Telescope[/ITAL] Imaging of the Primary Shock Front

The Radial Structure of the Cygnus Loop Supernova Remnant: Possible Evidence of a Cavity Explosion

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