A kaolinitic weathering crust in Tomsk, West Siberia: Interpretation in the context of weathering crusts in Russia and elsewhere

Wilson, Matthew; Wilson, L.; Lopushnyak, Yu. M.; Kondrashova, E.S.; Рычкова, И. В.; Rudmin, Maxim; Molokov, P.B.; Муслимова, А.В.

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2019.05.002

“…The Tyumen and Naunak formations were formed under rather similar physical-geographical and climatic conditions, which led to the difficulty of their stratigraphic separation. The facies appearance of sediments and the distribution of moderately thermophilic vegetation at the border of the Middle and Late Jurassic under conditions of tectonic quiescence (Shaldybin et al, 2019) suggest that the climate in the late Middle Jurassic-early Late Jurassic in Western Siberia was moderately warm and excessively humid, which caused alluvial-lacustrine-boggy sedimentation with frequent ingressions of the West Siberian Sea Basin in the late Bathonian-Callovian.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleontological and Spectrometric Characteristics of the Phytoleimmas of Middle–Late Jurassic Plants of the Southeast of Western Siberia

Иванов

¹

,

Рычкова

²

2021

Stratigr. Geol. Correl.

1

0

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The oil and gas potential of the southeast of Western Siberia dictates increased attention to plant phytoleimmas from the Naunak and Tyumen formations. The morphological features of fossil plants are often insufficient for distinguishing horizons or formations within sedimentary strata. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy allows revealing new diagnostic features in the structures of phytofossils. It has been established that the structure of the Czekanowskiales phytoleimmas from the Tyumen Formation, in contrast to those from the Naunak Formation, have a greater number of nitrogen bonds of amino acids and an increased number of oxygen and hydrogen bonds with carbon in the form of carboxyl (1690 cm -1 ), carbonic (1600 cm -1 ), and methylene (2920 cm -1 ) compounds. According to the spectral characteristics of the diffuse reflection of bands at 7500,

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“…The main performance indicators of the instrument are as follows: scanning method: sequential scanning; hardware indicators: power 4 kW, maximum voltage: 60 kV; maximum current: 170 Ma; element detection range: Be(4)-U(92); and detection limit: PPM-100%. In recent years, the chemical index of alteration (CIA), chemical index of weathering (CIW) and plagioclase index of alteration (PIA) have been widely used to reflect the source area degree of weathering (Shaldybin et al 2019;Elena et al 2015;Farkas et al 2018) and are defined as follows: CIA=[Al2O3/(Al2O3+CaO+Na2O+K2O)]×100, CIW=[Al2O3/(Al2O3+CaO+Na2O)]×100, PIA=[Al2O3-K2O/(Al2O3+CaO+Na2O-K2O)].…”

Section: Xrfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering geological and petrological characterization of paleoweathered rock in the K1/J2 contact zone in the Ordos Basin, China

Zhu

¹

,

Wang

²

,

Hu

³

2022

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Various geological processes (mineral composition, structure, tectonics and weathering, etc.) affect the physical-mechanical properties of rock. Petrological and engineering geological characteristics of paleoweathered rock (PWR) from the K1/J2 contact zone are described in detail via field investigation and experimental testing. This PWR exhibits mainly sandy grains and mud structures, layered and massive strata, and calcareous and argillaceous cements; fissures are developed and often filled with argillaceous and detrital materials; 9 minerals and 7 oxides are present, and quartz is present in each sample. Long-term weathering results in a consistent bulk density and high porosity due to the transformation of primary minerals into secondary clay minerals, forming PWR that undergoes argillization in water. The axial point load strength (PLS) is the largest among the tested PLSs, followed by the diametral PLS, and the irregular PLS. The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) varies widely, but the results are reliable. The mineralogical, physical and mechanical properties of the PWR are compared to predict one parameter from another and study their mutual influence. The PLS and UCS of the PWR are negatively correlated with the elastic mineral group (EMG) content, weathering alteration indexes, water content, and total porosity and positively correlated with the quartz content, brittle mineral group (BMG) content, bulk density, real density, and longitudinal wave velocity. The UCS and the PLS, axial (diametral) PLS and irregular PLS are positively correlated. These results provide a theoretical basis for physical and mechanical property prediction of PWR masses and rapid estimation of UCS in engineering.

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“…The main performance indicators of the instrument are as follows: scanning method: sequential scanning; hardware indicators: power 4 kW, maximum voltage: 60 kV; maximum current: 170 Ma; element detection range: Be(4)-U(92); and detection limit: PPM-100%. In recent years, the chemical index of alteration (CIA), chemical index of weathering (CIW) and plagioclase index of alteration (PIA) have been widely used to reflect the source area degree of weathering (Shaldybin et al 2019;Elena et al 2015;Farkas et al 2018) and are defined as follows: CIA=[Al2O3/(Al2O3+CaO+Na2O+K2O)]×100,…”

Section: Xrfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Geological and Petrological Characterization of Paleoweathered Rock in The K1/j2 Contact Zone in the Ordos Basin, China

Zhu

¹

,

Wang

²

,

Hu

³

2021

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Various geological processes (mineral composition, structure, tectonics and weathering, etc.) affect the physical-mechanical properties of rock. Petrological and engineering geological characteristics of paleoweathered rock (PWR) from the K1/J2 contact zone are described in detail via field investigation and experimental testing. This PWR exhibits mainly sandy grains and mud structures, layered and massive strata, and calcareous and argillaceous cements; fissures are developed and often filled with argillaceous and detrital materials; 9 minerals and 7 oxides are present, and quartz is present in each sample. Long-term weathering results in a consistent bulk density and high porosity due to the transformation of primary minerals into secondary clay minerals, forming PWR that undergoes argillization in water. The axial point load strength (PLS) is the largest among the tested PLSs, followed by the diametral PLS, and the irregular PLS. The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) varies widely, but the results are reliable. The mineralogical, physical and mechanical properties of the PWR are compared to predict one parameter from another and study their mutual influence. The PLS and UCS of the PWR are negatively correlated with the elastic mineral group (EMG) content, weathering alteration indexes, water content, and total porosity and positively correlated with the quartz content, brittle mineral group (BMG) content, bulk density, real density, and longitudinal wave velocity. The UCS and the PLS, axial (diametral) PLS and irregular PLS are positively correlated. These results provide a theoretical basis for physical and mechanical property prediction of PWR masses and rapid estimation of UCS in engineering.

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A kaolinitic weathering crust in Tomsk, West Siberia: Interpretation in the context of weathering crusts in Russia and elsewhere

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Paleontological and Spectrometric Characteristics of the Phytoleimmas of Middle–Late Jurassic Plants of the Southeast of Western Siberia

Paleontological and Spectrometric Characteristics of the Phytoleimmas of Middle–Late Jurassic Plants of the Southeast of Western Siberia

Engineering geological and petrological characterization of paleoweathered rock in the K1/J2 contact zone in the Ordos Basin, China

Engineering Geological and Petrological Characterization of Paleoweathered Rock in The K1/j2 Contact Zone in the Ordos Basin, China

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