A Kaleidoscope of Keratin Gene Expression and the Mosaic of Its Regulatory Mechanisms

Kalabusheva, Ekaterina P.; Shtompel, Anastasia S.; Ulianov, Sergey V.; Razin, Sergey V.; Vorotelyak, E. A.

doi:10.3390/ijms24065603

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 293 publications

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“…Worthy of note, the expression of cytokeratins differs considering the condition of the tissue. Indeed, these markers can be activated as a result of wound healing or inflammation [19][20][21], and their expression can change considerably due to pathologic processes, including genetic conditions such as aniridia [60,61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within this scope, cytokeratins have been widely employed. However, several concerns remain about their expression change in specific conditions, such as in a proliferating/ wound-healing state [19][20][21]. Our previous work suggested SOX2 as a univocal marker to distinguish the oral mucosa from corneal and conjunctival cells based on an unbiased gene array transcriptome profile analysis of single cells derived from different regions [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison between Cultivated Oral Mucosa and Ocular Surface Epithelia for COMET Patients Follow-Up

Attico,

Galaverni,

Torello

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Total bilateral Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency is a pathologic condition of the ocular surface due to the loss of corneal stem cells. Cultivated oral mucosa epithelial transplantation (COMET) is the only autologous successful treatment for this pathology in clinical application, although abnormal peripheric corneal vascularization often occurs. Properly characterizing the regenerated ocular surface is needed for a reliable follow-up. So far, the univocal identification of transplanted oral mucosa has been challenging. Previously proposed markers were shown to be co-expressed by different ocular surface epithelia in a homeostatic or perturbated environment. In this study, we compared the transcriptome profile of human oral mucosa, limbal and conjunctival cultured holoclones, identifying Paired Like Homeodomain 2 (PITX2) as a new marker that univocally distinguishes the transplanted oral tissue from the other epithelia. We validated PITX2 at RNA and protein levels to investigate 10-year follow-up corneal samples derived from a COMET-treated aniridic patient. Moreover, we found novel angiogenesis-related factors that were differentially expressed in the three epithelia and instrumental in explaining the neovascularization in COMET-treated patients. These results will support the follow-up analysis of patients transplanted with oral mucosa and provide new tools to understand the regeneration mechanism of transplanted corneas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between Cultivated Oral Mucosa and Ocular Surface Epithelia for COMET Patients Follow-Up

Attico,

Galaverni,

Torello

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Their descendants move downward and repopulate the hair matrix in the hair bulb, which gives rise to the hair shaft and inner root sheath. The HF epithelial compartment is one of the most multifaceted and specialized populations between the epithelia [ 120 ]. The mesenchymal part of an HF represents the dermal papilla that is embedded in a hair bulb and connective tissue sheath surrounding the hair follicle [ 121 ].…”

Section: Actual Questions From Mouse To Human Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blank Spots in the Map of Human Skin: The Challenge for Xenotransplantation

Cherkashina,

Morgun,

Rippa

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Most of the knowledge about human skin homeostasis, development, wound healing, and diseases has been accumulated from human skin biopsy analysis by transferring from animal models and using different culture systems. Human-to-mouse xenografting is one of the fundamental approaches that allows the skin to be studied in vivo and evaluate the ongoing physiological processes in real time. Humanized animals permit the actual techniques for tracing cell fate, clonal analysis, genetic modifications, and drug discovery that could never be employed in humans. This review recapitulates the novel facts about mouse skin self-renewing, regeneration, and pathology, raises issues regarding the gaps in our understanding of the same options in human skin, and postulates the challenges for human skin xenografting.

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“…Among the homeostasis maintaining epithelial components keratins are crucial cytoskeletal proteins and their expression is changed in colonic stress conditions 21 . Further, keratins have been shown to react to stress in other tissues and upregulation of several keratin genes are associated with cancer progression 22 . K7 is found to be expressed in UC-related neoplasms 23 , 24 , and we previously found that K7, not expressed in healthy colonic epithelium, is significantly upregulated in IBD and the highest focal K7 positive cell levels were found to be associated with the most severe epithelial damage and the samples with granulomas close to epithelium had increased number of K7 positive cells 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keratin 7 expression in different anatomical parts of colonic epithelium in inflammatory bowel diseases and its prognostic value: a 3-year follow-up study

Tenhami¹,

Polari²,

Kujari³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) may be challenging and their clinical course, characterized by relapses and spontaneous or drug-induced remissions, is difficult to predict. Novel prognostic biomarkers are needed. Keratin 7 (K7) is a cytoskeletal intermediate filament protein which is not normally expressed in the colonic epithelium. It was recently shown that K7 expression in the colonic epithelium is associated with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, the two main subtypes of IBD. Here we investigated IBD associated K7 neo-expression in different regions of colon and terminal ileum. The correlation of the K7 expression with the inflammatory activity of the epithelium was analyzed in each region. The prognostic value of K7 was estimated by comparing the clinical disease activity after 3 years with the K7 expression at the time of enrollment. Our data shows that the level of K7 expression in inflamed epithelium varies depending on the anatomical region and it is the most pronounced in ascending and descending colon, but it did not predict the severity of IBD for the following 3 years. These results warrant future studies focusing on the biological role of K7 in colon and its utilization as potential IBD biomarker.

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A Kaleidoscope of Keratin Gene Expression and the Mosaic of Its Regulatory Mechanisms

Cited by 5 publications

References 293 publications

Comparison between Cultivated Oral Mucosa and Ocular Surface Epithelia for COMET Patients Follow-Up

Comparison between Cultivated Oral Mucosa and Ocular Surface Epithelia for COMET Patients Follow-Up

Blank Spots in the Map of Human Skin: The Challenge for Xenotransplantation

Keratin 7 expression in different anatomical parts of colonic epithelium in inflammatory bowel diseases and its prognostic value: a 3-year follow-up study

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