A Journey Through Plant Cytoskeleton: Hot Spots in Signaling and Functioning

Blume, Ya. B.

doi:10.1002/cbin.11210

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…At present, the functions of plant MTs and tubulin as their main constituent in autophagy development have not been sufficiently studied. In A. thaliana , the tubulin genes form a large family consisting of six α-tubulins ( TUAs ) and nine β-tubulins ( TUBs ) 29 – 31 . It was demonstrated earlier that the modulation of core proteins in the autophagy machinery by posttranslational modifications is widely involved in the initiation and progression of autophagy 32 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy formation, microtubule disorientation, and alteration of ATG8 and tubulin gene expression under simulated microgravity in Arabidopsis thaliana

Yemets,

Shadrina,

Blume

et al. 2024

npj Microgravity

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Autophagy plays an important role in plant growth and development, pathogen invasion and modulates plant response and adaptation to various abiotic stress stimuli. The biogenesis and trafficking of autophagosomes involve microtubules (MTs) as important actors in the autophagic process. However, initiation of autophagy in plants under microgravity has not been previously studied. Here we demonstrate how simulated microgravity induces autophagy development involving microtubular reorganization during period of autophagosome formation. It was shown that induction of autophagy with maximal autophagosome formation in root cells of Arabidopsis thaliana is observed after 6 days of clinostating, along with MT disorganization, which leads to visible changes in root morphology. Gradual decrease of autophagosome number was indicated on 9th and 12th days of the experiment as well as no significant re-orientation of MTs were identified. Respectively, analysis of α- and β-tubulins and ATG8 gene expression was carried out. In particular, the most pronounced increase of expression on both 6th and 9th days in response to simulated microgravity was detected for non-paralogous AtATG8b, AtATG8f, AtATG8i, and AtTUA2, AtTUA3 genes, as well as for the pair of β-tubulin duplicates, namely AtTUB2 and AtTUB3. Overall, the main autophagic response was observed after 6 and 9 days of exposure to simulated microgravity, followed by adaptive response after 12 days. These findings provide a key basis for further studies of cellular mechanisms of autophagy and involvement of cytoskeletal structures in autophagy biogenesis under microgravity, which would enable development of new approaches, aimed on enhancing plant adaptation to microgravity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy formation, microtubule disorientation, and alteration of ATG8 and tubulin gene expression under simulated microgravity in Arabidopsis thaliana

Yemets,

Shadrina,

Blume

et al. 2024

npj Microgravity

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show abstract

“…At present, the functions of plant microtubules and tubulin genes in autophagy have not been sufficiently studied. In A. thaliana, the tubulin genes form a large family consisting of six αtubulins (TUAs) and nine β-tubulins (TUBs) [27,28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgravity Induces Interplay Between Atg8, Tua and Tub Gene Expression in Arabidopsis Thaliana

Shadrina

Yemets

Plokhovska

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Autophagy plays a direct or indirect roles in plant growth and development, pathogen invasion and immunity. It is involved in the control of cell homeostasis and modulates plant response and adaptation to various abiotic stress stimuli. The formation and motility of autophagosomes require microtubule dynamics. The manner in which autophagy can be induced by microgravity in plants has not been previously studied. Investigating how plants can cope with the absence of gravity is a critical task in space biology, since growing plants as a food source on the space station is in particular demand for the future. The present study demonstrates and confirms that microgravity affects the growth and development of plants. Using different GFP-expressing Arabidopsis thaliana lines (GFP-ATG8 and GFP-MAP4), laser scanning confocal microscopy and gene expression analysis of 6 α-tubulin (tua), 9 β-tubulin (tub) and 9 atg8 genes, we can conclude that main microgravity-induced stress response in plants is observed during the first 6-9 days of the microgravity experiments. It is shown that the morphological changes found in plants are directly related to changes in the organization and dynamics of microtubules. It was found that in root cells microtubules become disorganized after 6 days of growing plants under microgravity conditions, which leads to visible morphological changes in the plants. However, after 9-12 days of the experiment no dramatic disturbances in the orientation and organization of MTs were identified. The results obtained using LysoTracker™ Red and A. thaliana transgenic line (GFP-ATG8a) in both cases showed induction of autophagy and maximum level of autophagosome formation in plant root cells after 6 days of plant growth, and then a gradual decrease of autophagosomes in the same cells after 9 and 12 days under microgravity. The results of transcriptome analysis of tubulin and atg8 genes reveal connection between development of autophagy and functioning of microtubules. In particular, the most pronounced increase of expression in response to microgravity exposure was observed of tua2, tua3, tub2, tub3 and atg8i genes. It should be noted that the main responses to stress were established after 6-9 days of exposure to microgravitation, while after 12 days of the experiment, an adaptive response of plants to microgravity-induced stress was observed. The findings provide a basis for further studies of cellular mechanisms of autophagy and their interaction with cytoskeletal structures, in particular microtubules, to enhance plant adaptation to microgravity conditions

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The Role of Posttranslational Acetylation in the Association of Autophagy Protein ATG8 with Microtubules in Plant Cells

et al. 2021

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A Journey Through Plant Cytoskeleton: Hot Spots in Signaling and Functioning

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Autophagy formation, microtubule disorientation, and alteration of ATG8 and tubulin gene expression under simulated microgravity in Arabidopsis thaliana

Autophagy formation, microtubule disorientation, and alteration of ATG8 and tubulin gene expression under simulated microgravity in Arabidopsis thaliana

Microgravity Induces Interplay Between Atg8, Tua and Tub Gene Expression in Arabidopsis Thaliana

The Role of Posttranslational Acetylation in the Association of Autophagy Protein ATG8 with Microtubules in Plant Cells

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