A joint model for the perfect and imperfect substitute goods case: Application to activity time-use decisions

Transportation Research Part B: Methodological

Hensher

2009

Self Cite

105

This study presents a joint model system of residential location and activity time-use choices that considers a comprehensive set of activity-travel environment (ATE) variables, as well as sociodemographic variables, as determinants of individual weekday activity time-use choices. The model system takes the form of a joint mixed Multinomial Logit-Multiple DiscreteContinuous Extreme Value (MNL-MDCEV) structure that (a) accommodates differential sensitivity to the ATE attributes due to both observed and unobserved individual-related attributes, and (b) controls for the self selection of individuals into neighborhoods due to both observed and unobserved individual-related factors. The joint model system is estimated on a sample of 2793 households and individuals residing in Alameda County in the San Francisco Bay Area.The model results indicate the significant presence of residential self-selection effects due to both observed and unobserved individual-related factors. For instance, individuals from households with more bicycles are associated with a higher preference for out-of-home physically active pure recreational travel pursuits (such as bicycling around in the neighborhood). These same individuals locate into neighborhoods with good bicycling facilities. This leads to a non-causal association between individuals' time investment in out-of-home physically active pure recreational travel and bicycling facilities in their residential neighborhoods. Thus, ignoring the effect of bicycle ownership in the time-use model, would lead to an inflated estimate of the effect of bicycling facility density on the time invested in physically active pure recreational travel. Similarly, there are significant unobserved individual factors that lead to a high preference for physically active recreational activities and also make individuals locate in areas with good bicycling facilities. When such unobserved factors were controlled by the proposed joint residential location and time-use model, the impact of bicycling facility density on out-of-home physically active recreational activities ceased to be statistically significant (from being statistically significant in the independent time-use model). These results highlight the need to control for residential self-selection effects when estimating the effects of the activity-travel environment on activity time-use choices.Keywords: Residential location choice, residential self-selection, time-use, multiple discretecontinuous extreme value model, integrated land use-transportation modeling. 1 INTRODUCTIONThe primary focus of transportation planning, until the past three decades or so, was to meet long-term mobility needs by providing adequate transportation infrastructure supply. In such a mobility-centric, supply-oriented, planning process, the main role of travel demand models was to predict aggregate travel demand for long-term socio-economic scenarios, and for alternative transportation system characteristics and land-use configurations.Over the past three decades, h...

Section: Household Sociodemographicsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Individual Sociodemographics and Employment Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Household Sociodemographicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residential self-selection effects in an activity time-use behavior model

Pinjari

Transportation Research Part B: Methodological

Hensher

2009

Self Cite

105

“…The household demographic effects in Table 4 show that children in households with a large number of adults are less likely to participate in passive recreation activities outside home, presumably due to increased opportunity to pursue such passive recreation activities inside home (see Bhat et al, 2006 for a similar result). Further, as may be expected, children in households with several adults participate less in OHD activities with both parents, and no one else.…”

Section: Household Demographicsmentioning

confidence: 92%

An analysis of the social context of children’s weekend discretionary activity participation

Sener

2007

Transportation

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This paper examines the discretionary time-use of children, including the social context of children's participations. Specifically, the paper examines participation and time investment in in-home leisure as well as five different types of out-of-home discretionary activities: (1) shopping, (2) social, (3) meals, (4) passive recreation (i.e., physically inactive recreation, such as going to the movies or a concert), and (5) active recreation (i.e., physically active recreation, such as playing tennis or running). The social context of children's activity participation is also examined by focusing on the accompanying individuals in children's activity engagement. The accompanying arrangement is classified into one of six categories: (1) alone, (2) with mother and no one else, (3) with father and no one else, (4) with both mother and father, and no one else, (5) with other individuals, but no parents, and (6) with other individuals and one or both parents. findings also emphasize the need to collect, in future travel surveys, more extensive and higher quality data capturing the intra-and inter-household interactions between individuals (including children). To our knowledge, the research in this paper is the first transportation-related study to rigorously and comprehensively analyze the social dimension of children's activity participation.

“…In the current application, we use an extension of the MDCEV model as discussed in Bhat et al (2006) to (a) accommodate unobserved heteroscedasticity and error correlation across the utility functions of the four activity-travel categories (which allows the preferences for a subset of the categories to be influenced by common unobserved individual factors), and (b) accommodate the presence of the binary choice model within the active recreation category (which recognizes that individuals choose between participating in recreational active activity and recreational active travel, but not both, should they decide to pursue active recreation). At the same time, the utility of the recreational active activity and recreational active travel categories should influence the overall utility of active recreation in the MDCEV model.…”

Section: Specification Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of the determinants of children’s weekend physical activity participation

Copperman

2006

Transportation

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This paper examines the out-of-home, weekend, time-use patterns of children aged 5–17 years, with a specific emphasis on their physical activity participation. The impact of several types of factors, including individual and household demographics, neighborhood demographics, built environment characteristics, and activity day variables, on physical activity participation is analyzed using a joint nested multiple discrete–continuous extreme value-binary choice model. The sample for analysis is drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey. The model developed in the paper can be used to assess the impacts of changing demographics and built environment characteristics on children’s physical activity levels. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007Children’s physical activity, Children’s time use, Weekend activity–travel behavior, Built environment, Non-motorized travel,