“…NipaâLike DomainâContaining 4 ( NIPAL4 ) is the second most commonly mutated gene in ARCI after TGM1 (11â16% in NIPAL4 , Fischer, ; Vahlquist, Fischer, & TĂśrmä, ) and is predicted to encode a transmembrane protein with nine transmembrane domains (Lefèvre et al, ). Since its first identification by Lefèvre et al, in 2004, 18 diseaseâcausing mutations have been reported in NIPAL4 including the highly recurrent mutation c.527C>A, p.(Ala176Asp; Balci et al, ; BuÄkovĂĄ et al, ; Dahlqvist et al, ; Kusakabe et al, ; Lefèvre et al, ; Maier, MazereeuwâHautier, Tilinca, Cosgarea, & Jonca, ; Palamar et al, ; Scott et al, ; Wajid, Kurban, Shimomura, & Christiano, ). Clinical phenotypes in this molecular genetically characterized subgroup of ARCI are heterogeneous and show interfamilial, intrafamilial, and intraindividual variability (Alavi et al, ; Vahlquist et al, ).…”