A influência dos hormônios sexuais na resposta imunológica da COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa

Reis, Dandara Meira dos; Gama, Larissa Pôrto Silva Ribeiro; Teixeira, Isadora Alves; Paula, Fernanda Gabriela Pereira de; Ferreira, Nathália Nascimento; Oliveira, Rege Farias; Macedo, David César Louzada Álvares; Bahia, Maria Isabel Ramos; Souza, Cláudio Lima

doi:10.25248/reas.e9073.2021

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…As for gender, other investigators have shown higher positivity, the worst prognosis, and death outcomes for male compared to female patients [ 29 ]. Epidemiologically, one hypothesis is related to the higher level of exposure among men and a greater preventive care behavior of women with health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Cities from the Southern Region of Bahia State, Brazil: Analysis of Variables Associated in Both Individual and Community Level

da Silva,

dos Santos,

Ferreira

et al. 2023

Viruses

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The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), challenged public health systems worldwide. Individuals in low-income countries/regions are still at individual and community risk concerning inequality, sanitation, and economic conditions. Besides, during the pandemic, the transmission in municipalities and communities in the countryside and less developed regions kept viral spread and required structured and strengthened clinical and laboratory surveillance. Here, we present an observational, analytic, cross-sectional study conducted using secondary data from the Laboratório de Farmacogenômica e Epidemiologia Molecular (LAFEM)-Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), to evaluate individual and community factors associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection in outpatients from different cities from Southern Region of Bahia State, in Brazil. The data were collected between June 2021 and May 2022. The SARS-CoV-2 positivity by RT-qPCR was correlated with low socio-economic indicators, including the Human development index (HDIc) and Average worker salary (AWSc). Besides, in general, females were less likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 (OR = 0.752; CI 95% 0.663–0.853; p < 0.0001), while brown individuals had more positivity for infection (p < 0.0001). In addition, those who had clinical symptoms were more likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 (OR = 6.000; CI 95% 4.932–7.299; p < 0.0001). Although dry cough, headache, and fever were the most frequent, loss of taste (OR = 5.574; CI 95% 4.334–7.186) and loss of smell (OR = 6.327; CI 95% 4.899–8.144) presented higher odds ratio to be positive to SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR. Nonetheless, the distribution of these characteristics was not homogenous among the different cities, especially for age and gender. The dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 positivity differed between cities and the total population and reinforces the hypothesis that control strategies for prevention needed to be developed based on both individual and community risk levels to mitigate harm to individuals and the health system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Cities from the Southern Region of Bahia State, Brazil: Analysis of Variables Associated in Both Individual and Community Level

da Silva,

dos Santos,

Ferreira

et al. 2023

Viruses

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show abstract

“…It is known that sex hormones are immunomodulators and that their different concentrations in men and women can influence the viral load of tolerant women, their clinical manifestations and their morbidity and mortality. This is because estrogen, subtype 17β-estradiol (E2), promotes a stronger immune response in women by acting on the regulation and control of T and B lymphocytes, in the recruitment of monocytes, in the exclusion of proinflammatory cytokines and in the presentation of antigens (Reis et al, 2021;Silva et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, high concentrations of estrogen decrease the availability of this enzyme. Meanwhile, low concentrations of these hormones in the body, associated with high testosterone levels, increase the expression of the enzyme and, consequently, its binding to SARS-CoV-2 (Reis et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological profile of Covid-19 cases and deaths in a reference hospital in the state of Goiás, Brazil

Oliveira¹,

Jesus²,

Dias³

et al. 2023

Rev Patol Trop

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The pandemic caused by the Coronavirus 19 (Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) killed countless people in 2020 and it arrived in Brazil in mid-February from the same year. It spread quickly, through its facilitated form of transmission by droplets of saliva, coughing, sneezing and contaminated surfaces. Several studies have indicated that male people over 60 years of age with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and/ or chronic lung diseases had higher rates of progression to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and greater vulnerability to death. In this sense, this study aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile from suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19 in a hospital in the city of Anápolis, in the State of Goiás, Brazil, from March to December 2020. A total of 1,170 patients were included in this study, with 54.8% of the patients admitted with symptoms of COVID-19 were women (46.9%) aged between 30 and 59 years old. In addition, it was noted that 11.5% of these patients had some type of comorbidities. Furthermore, the data revealed that 82.2% of the laboratory-confirmed patients who died had comorbidities, most of them men (57%), and from the total of 68.5% had two or more comorbidities, with cardiovascular origin being the most frequent reaching 77.5% from the sample. Thus, it was concluded that the clinical-epidemiological profile of suspected and confirmed patients for COVID-19 in this research was characterized by the majority of female patients between 30 and 49 years of age, although most confirmed cases and deaths occurred in men older than 60 years of age. Most confirmed patients had two or more comorbidities, most of them of cardiovascular origin, followed by metabolic syndromes, lung diseases and others. KEY WORDS: COVID-19; epidemiology; comorbidity.

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“…Na Figura 2 observa-se que machos castrados tiveram maiores valores no ELISA para anticorpos contra o SARS-CoV-2. Os hormônios sexuais possuem uma influência direta no controle e desenvolvimento de resposta imunológica (REIS et al, 2021). A testosterona tem uma característica imunossupressora, podendo levar a uma limitada resposta pró-inflamatória, por sua vez a progesterona e o estradiol desenvolvem um papel modulador do sistema imune suprimindo a capacidade de resposta (VÁZQUEZ-MARTÍNEZ et al, 2018), desta forma machos castrados podem sofrer menores influências dos hormônios sexuais na sua capacidade de resposta imune.…”

Section: Númerounclassified

MONITORAMENTO CLÍNICO, HEMATOLÓGICO E BIOQUÍMICO DE EQUINOS UTILIZADOS PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE SORO HIPERIMUNE ANTI-SARS-CoV-2

Neto,

Wilborn,

Castro da Silva

et al. 2023

SCI. ANIM. HEALTH

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Descoberta no final de 2019 e denominada COVID-19, a infecção pelo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 é uma doença que impactou o mundo de diversas formas, atingindo o status de pandemia. Dentre as opções de tratamento, o soro hiperimune representou ser eficaz e de baixo custo, obtido através do fracionamento do soro a partir do sangue total contendo grande quantidade de anticorpos. Para a produção pode ser utilizada a espécie equina, que demonstra vantagens, como o volume de sangue que pode ser obtido e a facilidade de manejo. Diversos fatores individuais como a idade, o escore corporal, aspectos clínicos e hematológicos influenciam a resposta imunológica a um antígeno vacinal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi definir através de parâmetros clínicos e hematológicos os equinos com maior potencial para a produção de soro hiperimune contra o SARS-CoV-2. Para isso foram utilizados 26 cavalos hígidos, sendo realizadas coletas de sangue e obtenção de soro, para avaliação de parâmetros bioquímicos, hematológicos e monitoramento da produção de anticorpos (ELISA indireto), respectivamente. Correlacionando os dados clínicos e hematológicos com os níveis de anticorpos produzidos após 20 e 30 dias da última inoculação, observou-se que maiores níveis de anticorpos anti-SARS-CoV-2 foram produzidos por equinos machos castrados, com alta concentração de plaquetas. Concluímos que o processo de produção de soro hiperimune contra o SARS-CoV-2 causou reações inflamatórias locais e sistêmicas transitórias, porém as reações se reverteram sem causar danos relevantes aos animais. Os equinos machos castrados, quando comparados com fêmeas, produziram níveis mais elevados de anticorpos contra a SARS-CoV-2.

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A influência dos hormônios sexuais na resposta imunológica da COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Cities from the Southern Region of Bahia State, Brazil: Analysis of Variables Associated in Both Individual and Community Level

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Cities from the Southern Region of Bahia State, Brazil: Analysis of Variables Associated in Both Individual and Community Level

Epidemiological profile of Covid-19 cases and deaths in a reference hospital in the state of Goiás, Brazil

MONITORAMENTO CLÍNICO, HEMATOLÓGICO E BIOQUÍMICO DE EQUINOS UTILIZADOS PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE SORO HIPERIMUNE ANTI-SARS-CoV-2

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