A hydrothermal seep on the Costa Rica margin: middle ground in a continuum of reducing ecosystems

Levin, Lisa A.; Orphan, Victoria J.; Rouse, Greg W.; Rathburn, Anthony E.; Ussler, William; Cook, Geoffrey S.; Goffredi, Shana K.; Pérez, Elena M; Warèn, Anders; Grupe, Benjamin M.; Chadwick, Grayson L.; Strickrott, Bruce

doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.0205

Cited by 75 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…However, the existence of hybrid habitats sharing seep and vent characteristics (e.g., Jaco Scar, Costa Rica, Levin et al, 2012;serpentinite vents, Kelley et al, 2005) could promote connectivity, such as for Amphysamytha fauchaldi, which is found at Guaymas Basin sedimented vents in addition to distant cold seeps (Stiller et al, 2013). Kiel (2016) suggests that sedimented vents represent an evolutionary link between vents and seeps, and there are more generic similarities between vents and seeps in the Pacific than Atlantic Ocean, perhaps because sedimented vents are more common along active margins in the Pacific Ocean (e.g., Manus Basin, Gorda Ridge, Middle Valley, Guaymas Basin).…”

Section: Seeps As a Contrast To Ventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Ecology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents in a Metacommunity Framework

et al. 2018

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Species inhabiting deep-sea hydrothermal vents are strongly influenced by the geological setting, as it provides the chemical-rich fluids supporting the food web, creates the patchwork of seafloor habitat, and generates catastrophic disturbances that can eradicate entire communities. The patches of vent habitat host a network of communities (a metacommunity) connected by dispersal of planktonic larvae. The dynamics of the metacommunity are influenced not only by birth rates, death rates and interactions of populations at the local site, but also by regional influences on dispersal from different sites. The connections to other communities provide a mechanism for dynamics at a local site to affect features of the regional biota. In this paper, we explore the challenges and potential benefits of applying metacommunity theory to vent communities, with a particular focus on effects of disturbance. We synthesize field observations to inform models and identify data gaps that need to be addressed to answer key questions including: (1) what is the influence of the magnitude and rate of disturbance on ecological attributes, such as time to extinction or resilience in a metacommunity; (2) what interactions between local and regional processes control species diversity, and (3) which communities are "hot spots" of key ecological significance. We conclude by assessing our ability to evaluate resilience of vent metacommunities to human disturbance (e.g., deep-sea mining). Although the resilience of a few highly disturbed vent systems in the eastern Pacific has been quantified, these values cannot be generalized to remote locales in the western Pacific or mid Atlantic where disturbance rates are different and information on local controls is missing.

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Section: Seeps As a Contrast To Ventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Ecology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents in a Metacommunity Framework

et al. 2018

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“…To date, the iconic vent clam 'Calyptogena' magnifica is the only species known to live mainly on bare basalts near high temperature vents (Kennish & Lutz, 1992), but a number of species primarily found at cold seeps also invade sulphide-rich sediments associated with hydrothermal venting (Gebruk, Chevaldonn e, Shank, Lutz, & Vrijenhoek, 2000;Grehan & Juniper, 1996;Levin et al, 2012). Some pliocardiin species can occupy sulphide-rich sediments produced by deteriorating whale carcasses (Baco, Smith, Roderick, Peek, & Vrijenhoek, 1999;Treude et al, 2009) and deposits of fresh organic matter (Cosel & Olu, 2009), and one species was recorded from an oxygen minimum zone (Krylova, Sellanes, Vald es, & D'elia, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and origins of chemosynthetic vesicomyid clams

Johnson

Krylova

Audzijonytė

et al. 2016

Systematics and Biodiversity

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Large vesicomyid clams (Veneroida: Vesicomyidae: Pliocardiinae) are prominent members of the communities associated with sulphide-rich deep-sea habitats. Taxonomic uncertainties within the Pliocardiinae result from both plasticity in shell morphologies and the common occurrence of cryptic species. Molecular taxonomic studies have now clarified many species-level assignments and provided DNA-barcodes for more than 50 species worldwide. Nonetheless, genus-level assignments remain uncertain, because the existing COI barcode sequences are not sufficient for identifying higher-level groupings. To construct a robust phylogeny for this subfamily, we conducted a combined Bayesian analysis of the COI mitochondrial fragment and five additional independent nuclear gene segments. The phylogenetic results provide a better foundation for assessing genus-level assignments within the subfamily and reveal goals for future taxonomic research. Furthermore, morphological examinations helped to clarify and solidify generic classifications. Calibration of molecular clocks with recently verified fossil data permitted realistic estimates for the origins and evolutionary age of pliocardiins during the Cenozoic Era from a deep-dwelling ancestor.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank

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“…These pmoA sequences were closely related to a pmoA sequence recovered from Jaco Scar, on the Costa Rica margin (Tavormina et al, 2013). This sample was collected near the base of a large tubeworm bush (Lamellibrachia barhami) and had elevated temperatures (3.6-5.2 • C) and higher methane concentrations (4300 nM) compared to the background (see Levin et al, 2012 for more details). The "Deep sea-2" clade is a sister clade to the "Deep sea-1/symbiont-like" clade, in which the pmo of the bathymodiolin endosymbiont Methyloprofundus sedimenti "WF1" (Tavormina et al, 2015) is found on both trees.…”

Section: Identification Of Folliculinid-associated Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Many of these sequences were assigned to the "Deep sea-2" clade of methanotrophs. Methanotrophs within this clade have not been described as symbionts, but have been found in the water column within hydrothermal plumes (Dick and Tebo, 2010), in the water column adjacent to a large tubeworm bush (Lamellibrachia barhami) within a hydrothermal seep (Levin et al, 2012;Tavormina et al, 2013), and in response to spilled methane in the Gulf of California (Kessler et al, 2011). A sister clade of methanotrophs ("Deep sea-1") includes known symbionts of a few seep and vent marine invertebrate taxa (e.g., Cavanaugh et al, 1987;Schmaljohann et al, 1990;DeChaine and Cavanaugh, 2006;Wendeberg et al, 2012) as well as a ciliate from a lowoxygen environment (Edgcomb et al, 2011).…”

Section: Influence Of Folliculinid Ciliates On Microbial Composition mentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonial Tube-Dwelling Ciliates Influence Methane Cycling and Microbial Diversity within Methane Seep Ecosystems

et al. 2017

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In a variety of marine ecosystems, microbial eukaryotes play important ecological roles; however, our knowledge of their importance in deep-sea methane seep ecosystems is limited. Microbial eukaryotes have the potential to influence microbial community composition and diversity by creating habitat heterogeneity, and may contribute to carbon cycling through grazing or symbiotic associations with microorganisms. In this study, we characterized the distribution, substrate variability and ecology of a particular group of microbial eukaryotes, known as folliculinid ciliates, at methane seeps along the eastern Pacific margin. Folliculinid ciliates were recently recognized as an abundant and ecologically important component of hydrothermal vent ecosystems, but their ecology in methane seeps has not been examined. Folliculinid ciliates inhabited methane seeps from Costa Rica to Oregon, suggesting a broad distribution in the eastern Pacific. Using phylogenetic analyses of the 18S rRNA gene, two different species of folliculinid were identified and are formally described here. Folliculinids occupied a range of physical substrates, including authigenic carbonate rocks, shells of dead vesicomyid clams, polychaete tubes and gastropod shells. Molecular analysis of the folliculinid-associated microorganisms (16S rRNA and particular methane monoxygenase) revealed that these ciliates not only influence overall microbial diversity, but also have a specific relationship with bacteria in the "Deep sea-2" methanotroph clade. Natural 13 δ C isotope signatures of the folliculinids (−35 ) and their 13 C-enrichment patterns in shipboard 13 CH 4 stable isotope-probing experiments indicated these ciliates and their associated microbes are involved in cycling methane-derived carbon. Folliculinids were significantly enriched in 13 C after the addition of 13 CH 4 over short-term (3-8 day) incubations. Together, these results suggest that folliculinid ciliates represent a previously overlooked contributor to the ecology and biogeochemical cycling at deep-sea methane seep ecosystems.

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A hydrothermal seep on the Costa Rica margin: middle ground in a continuum of reducing ecosystems

Cited by 75 publications

References 61 publications

Exploring the Ecology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents in a Metacommunity Framework

Exploring the Ecology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents in a Metacommunity Framework

Phylogeny and origins of chemosynthetic vesicomyid clams

Colonial Tube-Dwelling Ciliates Influence Methane Cycling and Microbial Diversity within Methane Seep Ecosystems

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