A Hydrogen ICE Vehicle Powered by Ovonic Metal Hydride Storage

Young, R. T.; Chao, B. S.; Li, Y.; Myasnikov, V. M.; Huang, B.; Ovshinsky, Stanford R.

doi:10.4271/2004-01-0699

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Regarding industrial applications, a lot of effort was put into the development of alloys for the negative electrode in rechargeable Ni/MH batteries for electrical vehicles. A class of (Ti,Zr)(V,Cr,Mn,Ni) 2 alloys consisting mainly of a C14 and a C15 Laves phase was found to have excellent properties in tests under application conditions [456,[474][475][476][477].…”

Section: Functional Applications 41 Hydrogen Storage Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laves phases: a review of their functional and structural applications and an improved fundamental understanding of stability and properties

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Laves phases with their comparably simple crystal structure are very common intermetallic phases and can be formed from element combinations all over the periodic table resulting in a huge number of known examples. Even though this type of phases is known for almost 100 years, and although a lot of information on stability, structure, and properties has accumulated especially during the last about 20 years, systematic evaluation and rationalization of this information in particular as a function of the involved elements is often lacking. It is one of the two main goals of this review to summarize the knowledge for some selected respective topics with a certain focus on non-stoichiometric, i.e., non-ideal Laves phases. The second, central goal of the review is to give a systematic overview about the role of Laves phases in all kinds of materials for functional and structural applications. There is a surprisingly broad range of successful utilization of Laves phases in functional applications comprising Laves phases as hydrogen storage material (Hydraloy), as magneto-mechanical sensors and actuators (Terfenol), or for wear- and corrosion-resistant coatings in corrosive atmospheres and at high temperatures (Tribaloy), to name but a few. Regarding structural applications, there is a renewed interest in using Laves phases for creep-strengthening of high-temperature steels and new respective alloy design concepts were developed and successfully tested. Apart from steels, Laves phases also occur in various other kinds of structural materials sometimes effectively improving properties, but often also acting in a detrimental way.

show abstract

Section: Functional Applications 41 Hydrogen Storage Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laves phases: a review of their functional and structural applications and an improved fundamental understanding of stability and properties

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…OV679 alloy can meet all the requirements for the portable power canister application. To be versatile, the onboard vessel is designed to utilize the heat only from the engine cooling loop coupling with the vessel's internal heat exchanger [22,23]. Due to the cold start demand, in the present case, a relatively high plateau pressure alloy, such as OV610, is more suitable for the onboard hydride storage vessel application.…”

Section: Metal Hydride Alloy Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vessel is incorporated with a proprietary heat exchanger and liquid tube manifold [22]. Figure 8 shows the Ovonic prototype onboard vessel.…”

Section: Lightweight Onboard Vesselmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Solid Hydrogen Storage Systems

et al. 2003

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrogen energy offers great promise as an energy alternative. Hydrogen technologies can reduce and eliminate the release of carbon dioxide from fossil-fuel combustion, the main cause of global warming. One of the main challenges is hydrogen storage. Storing hydrogen in the solid-state hydride form holds a volumetric advantage over compressed and liquid hydrogen states. Solid hydrogen storage systems also have features of low-pressure operation, compactness, safety, tailorable delivery pressure, excellent absorption /desorption kinetics, modular design for easy scalability, and long cycle life.In this paper, solid hydrogen storage systems (such as portable power canisters, lightweight fiber wrapped vessels, and aluminum tubular vessels, developed by Texaco Ovonic Hydrogen Systems LLC) will be discussed. A system of four canisters each storing approximately 80 grams of reversible hydrogen is shown to run a 1 kW PEM fuel cell for more than 247 minutes at full power. Canisters show no plastic deformation after more than 500 charge/discharge cycles. The measured strain on canister surfaces indicates that DOT stress limits are not exceeded. The canisters are in the early commercialization stage for uninterrupted power supply (UPS) and auxiliary power unit (APU) applications.A lightweight fiber-wrapped vessel engineered with metal hydride and internal heat exchanger is being developed for onboard applications. At the system level, the vessel has a volumetric energy density of 50 grams of hydrogen per liter and a gravimetric density of 1.6 wt.%. The vessel is capable of storing 3 kg of hydrogen with a fast refueling capability. Ninety percent of the storable hydrogen can be refueled in 10 minutes at 1500 psig. The vessel can easily release the hydrogen at a rate of 350 slpm at 70 o C.Aluminum tubular vessels are being designed and tested for bulk storage and infrastructure applications including stationary power, hydrogen shipment and hydrogen service stations. The tubular vessel dimensions may be designed for specific applications. For example, a tubular vessel 6 inches in diameter and 62 inches in length can store up to 1 kg of hydrogen.

show abstract

“…in activated carbon or carbon nano-tubes) or chemisorbed to the solid in hydrides [15]. No prototype vehicles with solid-state hydrogen storage exist today due to respectively the heavy weight or the huge energy losses to produce the hydrides [9].…”

Section: Solid-state Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

An environmental analysis of FCEV and H2-ICE vehicles using the Ecoscore methodology

N.¹,

F.-S.²,

Matheys³

et al. 2009

WEVJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The environmental issues caused by fossil fuels for transportation are numerous: greenhouse gas emissions are enhancing global warming, city smog, ozone and noise are causing major health problems, acid rain impacts our ecosystems, etc. Strong research efforts have therefore been performed towards alternative fuels and drive trains and hydrogen is still one of the most promising but at the same time controversial possibilities. The environmental impact of hydrogen used in a fuel cell (FCEV) or internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) -depends strongly on the production pathway for hydrogen and should therefore be evaluated on a well-to-wheel basis.In this paper, the Ecoscore methodology is used to assess the environmental impact of H 2 -ICE and fuel cell vehicles on a well-to-wheel basis. The Ecoscore is an environmental indicator for vehicles taking into account the impact on global warming, air quality depletion (divided into impact on human health and ecosystems) and noise. The Ecoscores of two FCEV and one H 2 -ICEV are calculated for different hydrogen production pathways (electrolysis and Steam Methane Reforming (SMR)), as well as for different methods of hydrogen storage (compression and liquefaction) and distribution (pipeline and truck). The highest Ecoscores and thus best results -are obtained for vehicles using hydrogen from electrolysis produced with 100 % renewable energy, followed by SMR and then electrolysis using the Belgian electricity mix. Compression appears to be better than liquefaction to store hydrogen due to the high energy use for the liquefaction process, and this compressed hydrogen should be transported through pipelines in stead of by trucks to obtain the best environmental performance.

show abstract

A Hydrogen ICE Vehicle Powered by Ovonic Metal Hydride Storage

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Laves phases: a review of their functional and structural applications and an improved fundamental understanding of stability and properties

Laves phases: a review of their functional and structural applications and an improved fundamental understanding of stability and properties

Recent Advances in Solid Hydrogen Storage Systems

An environmental analysis of FCEV and H2-ICE vehicles using the Ecoscore methodology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About