A hydro-mechanical coupled solution for electro-osmotic consolidation in unsaturated soils considering the decrease in effective voltage with time

Wang, Liujiang; Shen, Chong; Liu, Sihong; Alonso, Eduardo E.; Huang, Penghua

doi:10.1016/j.compgeo.2021.104050

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The above equation can be solved by the fzero program built into MATLAB, as introduced by the existing literature. 61,62 Therefore, substituting Equations ( 25) and( 26) into the Equations ( 19) and (20)…”

Section: Excess Pore-water and Pore-air Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lamont et al 19 pointed out that the electrokinetic geosynthetic (EKG) strengthening of unsaturated slopes is an effective technique to enhance embankment stabilisation and offers economic and environmental benefits. Wang et al 20 conducted a lab experiment of 1D electro-osmotic consolidation for unsaturated soil and presented related analytical solutions based on the time-stepping method. Ling et al 21 demonstrated the validity of the electro-osmosis technique in reducing the water content of unsaturated soils through lab-scale experiments and used the technique to reduce the water content of unsaturated pavement subgrade through field-scale experiments, thereby improving the stability of the structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A general analytical solution for axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation of unsaturated soil with semi‐permeable boundary

Zhao,

Ni,

Liu

et al. 2024

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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This study proposes a closed‐form solution for axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation of unsaturated soil under semi‐permeable boundary conditions. The governing equations are formulated to allow for vertical and radial flows of liquid and air phases. The techniques of eigenfunction expansion and Laplace transformation are employed to develop the exact solution for excess pore‐air (EPAP) and pore‐water pressures (EPWP). The proposed solution is first validated by comparing it to an existing solution, followed by verification through finite element simulations. Both methods of validation confirm the accuracy of the analytical solution. Then, based on the obtained solution, the effects of vertical flow, semi‐permeable boundary conditions, electrical voltage, electro‐osmosis conductivity and spacing ratio re/rw on the consolidation profile have been further investigated. Parametric studies show that the EPWP at the steady state depends on the electro‐osmosis conductivity and applied electricity gradient. In addition, the dissipation rates of EPWP and EPAP in the axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation would be underestimated if the vertical flows are neglected. The semi‐permeable boundary conditions have great influences on the dissipation rate and the steady‐state solution. The proposed solution could serve as a theoretical basis for axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation of unsaturated soil.

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Section: Excess Pore-water and Pore-air Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A general analytical solution for axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation of unsaturated soil with semi‐permeable boundary

Zhao,

Ni,

Liu

et al. 2024

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The vertical electrodes are widely used due to the relatively easy of construction and installation. However, the soil near the vertical anodes tends to crack, leading to the problem of increased electrical resistance, reduced electro‐osmotic efficiency, and non‐uniform soil reinforcement in the horizontal plane 17–19 . Recently, the horizontal electrode has attracted attention in ground improvement engineering due to its ability to minimize the soil cracks near the anode, enable the treated soil to be uniform in horizontal direction, and facilitate simultaneous dredging and consolidation 20,21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the soil near the vertical anodes tends to crack, leading to the problem of increased electrical resistance, reduced electro-osmotic efficiency, and non-uniform soil reinforcement in the horizontal plane. [17][18][19] Recently, the horizontal electrode has attracted attention in ground improvement engineering due to its ability to minimize the soil cracks near the anode, enable the treated soil to be uniform in horizontal direction, and facilitate simultaneous dredging and consolidation. 20,21 As is well known, the pore water can usually flow through the horizontal electrodes, which may result in the backfilled sand layer above the cathode and the unelectroosmotic layer under the anode affecting the drainage process of the electroosmotic layer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical models for electroosmotic consolidation of layered soil systems considering the boundary effects of horizontal electrodes

Li,

Chen,

Zhuang

et al. 2024

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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The pore water can usually flow through the horizontal electrodes, resulting in the top sand layer and the bottom unelectroosmotic layer inevitably affecting the consolidation process of the electroosmotic layer. However, the traditional assumption of the fully drained or undrained electrode boundaries is unable to reflect these boundary effects. In this study, one‐dimensional analytical models for electroosmotic consolidation of the layered soil systems considering the boundary effects of horizontal electrodes are proposed. The solutions for the models are derived using the separate variable method and Laplace transform method. The rationality of the one‐dimensional model is also illustrated by comparing it with the results produced by the two‐dimensional model and the accuracies of the solutions are verified through a series of analytical and numerical validation examples. Parametric studies are conducted to investigate the effects of the sand layer and the unelectroosmotic layer on the consolidation process. Results show that both the sand layer and the unelectroosmotic layer may significantly delay the consolidation progress. The time factor corresponding to 90% average degree of consolidation (Tv_90%U*) can increase by over 1.5 times in comparison with the model without a sand layer when the permeability coefficient ratio of the subsoil to the upper layer reaches 10. The delayed effect is particularly pronounced when the thickness of the unelectroosmotic layer with higher compressibility is relatively larger, potentially resulting in a tenfold or even greater increase in Tv_90%U*.

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“…the combined use with surcharge and vacuum preloading [15], non-linear properties of soil [16], and the decrease of effective voltage [18,19]. These models have made a significant contribution to the understanding of electro-osmotic performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-analytical solution for one-dimensional coupling consolidation of original soil and electro-osmotic layer using horizontal electrodes

Li,

Luo,

Chen

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The application of horizontal electro-kinetic geosynthetics for electro-osmotic consolidation is becoming increasingly widespread. Such horizontal electrodes are typically arranged at intervals, allowing pore water in original soil to pass through the intervals and penetrate into the electro-osmotic layer. In this study, a one-dimensional semi-analytical solution for a double-layered electro-osmotic system incorporating the original soil was presented and verified. The effects of the soil properties on the consolidation process were investigated. Results revealed that original soil can achieve a significant consolidation effect, even better than electro-osmotic dredged soil. A smaller permeability coefficient of original soil significantly prolongs the consolidation time, while a thicker original soil can improve the average consolidation effect of the two layers. The proposed model provides new electrode arrangement ideas and theoretical support for horizontal electro-kinetic geosynthetics for electro-osmotic reinforcement.

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A hydro-mechanical coupled solution for electro-osmotic consolidation in unsaturated soils considering the decrease in effective voltage with time

Cited by 16 publications

References 59 publications

A general analytical solution for axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation of unsaturated soil with semi‐permeable boundary

A general analytical solution for axisymmetric electro‐osmotic consolidation of unsaturated soil with semi‐permeable boundary

Analytical models for electroosmotic consolidation of layered soil systems considering the boundary effects of horizontal electrodes

Semi-analytical solution for one-dimensional coupling consolidation of original soil and electro-osmotic layer using horizontal electrodes

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