“…In case of reduction of ruthenium salt with NaBH 4 , this value was 2.6 nm. The formation of ruthenium-cobalt oxide selectively inside tubes could be explained by the electron-magnetic action of ruthenium clusters [ 32 ]. Figure 1.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This result agrees well with the literature and could be explained by hydrogen spillover effect due to the action of a noble metal [ 7 , 52 ]. For example, the bimetallic RuCo catalytic system with 15.0 wt.% of Co and Ru was 0.15 wt.% of Ru obtained by the reduction of a ruthenium salt on Al 2 O 3 , and the followed deposition of cobalt was characterized by reduction peaks at 266°C and 433°C [ 32 ]. Figure 4.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The average sizes of metallic cobalt in the reduced catalysts and the dispersion were determined using Equations (2) [ 31 ] and ( 3 ) [ 32 ]:…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The order of impregnation in bimetallic catalyst plays a decisive role in a Ru-promoted cobalt-based catalyst. The hybrid ‘reduction-impregnation’ method was shown to be more efficient in comparison with co-impregnation and sequential reduction [ 32 ].…”
Following nanoarchitectural approach, mesoporous halloysite nanotubes with internal surface composed of alumina were loaded with 5–6 nm RuCo nanoparticles by sequential loading/reduction procedure. Ruthenium nanoclusters were loaded inside clay tube by microwave-assisted method followed by cobalt ions electrostatic attraction to ruthenium during wetness impregnation step. Developed nanoreactors with bimetallic RuCo nanoparticles were investigated as catalysts for the Fischer-Tropsch process. The catalyst with 14.3 wt.% of Co and 0.15 wt.% of Ru showed high activity (СO conversion reached 24.6%), low selectivity to methane (11.9%), CO
2
(0.3%), selectivity to C
5+
hydrocarbons of 79.1% and chain growth index (α) = 0.853. Proposed nanoreactors showed better selectivity to target products combined with high activity in comparison to the similar bimetallic systems supported on synthetic porous materials. It was shown that reducing agent (NaBH
4
or H
2
) used to obtain Ru nanoclusters at first synthesis step played a very important role in the reducibility and selectivity of resulting RuCo catalysts.
“…In case of reduction of ruthenium salt with NaBH 4 , this value was 2.6 nm. The formation of ruthenium-cobalt oxide selectively inside tubes could be explained by the electron-magnetic action of ruthenium clusters [ 32 ]. Figure 1.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This result agrees well with the literature and could be explained by hydrogen spillover effect due to the action of a noble metal [ 7 , 52 ]. For example, the bimetallic RuCo catalytic system with 15.0 wt.% of Co and Ru was 0.15 wt.% of Ru obtained by the reduction of a ruthenium salt on Al 2 O 3 , and the followed deposition of cobalt was characterized by reduction peaks at 266°C and 433°C [ 32 ]. Figure 4.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The average sizes of metallic cobalt in the reduced catalysts and the dispersion were determined using Equations (2) [ 31 ] and ( 3 ) [ 32 ]:…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The order of impregnation in bimetallic catalyst plays a decisive role in a Ru-promoted cobalt-based catalyst. The hybrid ‘reduction-impregnation’ method was shown to be more efficient in comparison with co-impregnation and sequential reduction [ 32 ].…”
Following nanoarchitectural approach, mesoporous halloysite nanotubes with internal surface composed of alumina were loaded with 5–6 nm RuCo nanoparticles by sequential loading/reduction procedure. Ruthenium nanoclusters were loaded inside clay tube by microwave-assisted method followed by cobalt ions electrostatic attraction to ruthenium during wetness impregnation step. Developed nanoreactors with bimetallic RuCo nanoparticles were investigated as catalysts for the Fischer-Tropsch process. The catalyst with 14.3 wt.% of Co and 0.15 wt.% of Ru showed high activity (СO conversion reached 24.6%), low selectivity to methane (11.9%), CO
2
(0.3%), selectivity to C
5+
hydrocarbons of 79.1% and chain growth index (α) = 0.853. Proposed nanoreactors showed better selectivity to target products combined with high activity in comparison to the similar bimetallic systems supported on synthetic porous materials. It was shown that reducing agent (NaBH
4
or H
2
) used to obtain Ru nanoclusters at first synthesis step played a very important role in the reducibility and selectivity of resulting RuCo catalysts.
“…The preparation of industrial catalysts, in addition to the requirements of high activity and selectivity of the catalyst, must also take into account economic aspects and the availability of starting substances. One of the most popular methods of preparing catalysts used in industry is wet the impregnation (IMP) and the co-precipitation method (CP) [2]. The wet impregnation (IMP) method is the most widely used for the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts.…”
The oxy-steam reforming of liquefied natural gas reaction (OSR-LNG) is promising process for syngas generation. In this paper, the catalytic properties of NiO/La2O3 systems prepared by wet impregnation and co-precipitation methods were extensively investigated in OSR-LNG reaction. The physicochemical properties of the studied catalytic materials were determined using various techniques including Temperature programmed reduction (TPR-H2), Temperature programmed desorption (TPD-NH3), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with an energy dispersive X-Ray spectrometer (EDS). Reactivity measurements performed in the OSR-LNG process showed that the catalyst preparation method and the calcination temperature significantly affected the activity of NiO/La2O3 catalysts in the OSR-LNG reaction. The catalytic activity tests showed that NiO/La2O3 system prepared by a wet impregnation method and calcined at 700 °C showed the total conversion of the LNG component at 900 °C and the highest H2 yield at 700 and 900 °C. The phase composition studies confirmed the formation of the LaNiO3 structure in the case of the NiO/La2O3 catalyst prepared by wet impregnation, calcined at the temperature of 700 °C. Catalytic activity measurements showed that the reactivity of the catalysts was related to their phase composition and acidity. SEM images of spent catalysts showed that the smallest amount of carbon deposit was detected on the surface of the most active systems.
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