A Hybrid Heavy-Duty Diesel Power System for Off-Road Applications - Concept Definition

Koci, Chad; Steffen, Jay; Kruiswyk, Rich; Guo, Fang; Bazyn, Tim; McDavid, Robert M.; Ivanov, Radoslav; Sirimalla, Dheeraj

doi:10.4271/2021-01-0449

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…When designed intentionally for larger storage capacity, high speed flywheel (HSFW) systems can be used to enable more significant performance improvement. In a study by Koci et al, 16 a 48 V mild-hybrid power system architecture utilizing electrified HSFW energy storage in a downsized 13 L diesel engine was evaluated for use in various construction equipment machine forms. The concept showed up to 14% machine-specific efficiency improvement when simulated over application duty cycles while delivering equivalent constant speed load acceptance (CSLA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling off-highway diesel engine downsizing and performance improvement using electrically assisted turbocharging

Mazanec,

Vang,

Kokjohn

2023

International Journal of Engine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Internal combustion engine (ICE) downsizing through various turbocharging configurations is generally known by the powertrain design community as an effective means to reduce frictional losses, increase waste heat recovery, and improve fuel efficiency while increasing engine power density. However, often is the case that turbocharging strategies, including variable geometry turbochargers, and regulated two-stage turbochargers, incur the performance tradeoff between transient response and fuel economy (pumping losses) at high engine speeds. For off-highway vehicles having particularly transient and high-powered duty cycles, efforts to improve this tradeoff and increase operational flexibility have turned to evaluating various electrified air system architectures. In this study, a 4.5 L diesel-ICE configured with an electrically driven compressor (eBooster®) is placed in series with a conventional turbocharger and integrated into a 48 V mild-hybrid powertrain architecture. The objective of this powertrain configuration is to enable engine downsizing by 34%, replacing the current 6.8 L ICE platform with the hybridized 4.5 L ICE concept. The commercial 1-D simulation software GT-SUITE is used for powertrain system development and system optimization. Development and validation of the GT-SUITE model and air system controls is concurrently supported through experimental data collection. The simulation model development includes using machine learning methods for optimizing exhaust gas dilution, injection timing, and eBooster® power to improve steady-state and transient brake-specific fuel consumption while minimizing criteria pollutant emissions. It was found that total specific fluid consumption over the standardized non-road transient engine duty cycle could be reduced by 18% over the current 6.8 L engine by using an optimized eBoosted 4.5 L engine. The hybridized 4.5 L engine concept concurrently showed sufficient transient response capability and nearly an order of magnitude reduction in duty cycle total soot production.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling off-highway diesel engine downsizing and performance improvement using electrically assisted turbocharging

Mazanec,

Vang,

Kokjohn

2023

International Journal of Engine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, there are techniques that are shared by the two engine categories or even allow to blend the same. In fact, hybridization is currently proposed for both gasoline and Diesel engines [4][5][6]. Moreover, innovative combustions, such as HCCI or GCI [7,8], represent a mix that allows to take advantage of the positives of both the engine types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D-CFD numerical framework for the simulation of both light- and heavy-duty Diesel injectors

Sparacino

Borghi

2021

E3S Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In spite of the effort of the engine manufacturers to improve exhaust aftertreatment efficiency, thus reducing tailpipe pollutants, the unaffordable tightening of the laws dealing with emissions puts a strain on the use of Diesel engines for passenger cars in the next decades. However, for trucks and marine applications, such technology may remain the predominant solution all over the world. For this reason, development of heavy-duty Diesel engines goes on and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) can play a crucial role in supporting designers. Among the different goals of the numerical analyses on Diesel engines, 3D-CFD Lagrangian simulations can be adopted to optimize fuel injection, which is a crucial aspects as able to affect both combustion efficiency and emissions. For this purpose, a robust numerical framework is needed. The present work aims at proving that models suitable for the simulation of light-duty Diesel injectors can be proficiently extended for heavy-duty ones. In particular, attention is here focused on droplet break-up. An alternative secondary break-up model is proposed. It is purposely calibrated on the well-known Spray A injector provided by the Engine Combustion Network (ECN), which can be assumed as representative of injectors for light-duty applications. 3D-CFD simulations are validated against experimental data in terms of both liquid and vapour penetrations and imaging. Then, the numerical set-up adopted for the Spray A is employed without any further adhoc tuning to investigate Spray C and Spray D which can be considered, instead, representative of heavy-duty nozzles. The proposed model proves to be effective for the prediction of the break-up rate. All the injectors are tested via vessel simulations characterized by the same ambient pressure and temperature, equal to 6 MPa and 900 K respectively. Even the adopted fuel is common, namely n-Dodecane, whose injection pressure and temperature are fixed to 150 MPa and 363 K, respectively.

show abstract

Variable Valve Actuation for Next Generation Marine and Off-Road Engines - A Comprehensive Review Oriented on Meeting Future Emission Legislation

Kim,

Soleimani,

Nousiainen

et al. 2024

SSRN Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A Hybrid Heavy-Duty Diesel Power System for Off-Road Applications - Concept Definition

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Enabling off-highway diesel engine downsizing and performance improvement using electrically assisted turbocharging

Enabling off-highway diesel engine downsizing and performance improvement using electrically assisted turbocharging

A 3D-CFD numerical framework for the simulation of both light- and heavy-duty Diesel injectors

Variable Valve Actuation for Next Generation Marine and Off-Road Engines - A Comprehensive Review Oriented on Meeting Future Emission Legislation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About