“…Two main types of local searches have been used for this problem (Kothari & Ghosh, 2013b). The first of them is based on pairwise interchanges of facilities (Amaral & Letchford, 2013;Heragu & Alfa, 1992;Heragu & Kusiak, 1991;Kothari & Ghosh, 2013a;Samarghandi & Eshghi, 2010;Solimanpur et al, 2005;Teo & Ponnambalam, 2008), whereas the second one proceeds by executing insertion moves, where a facility is moved from one position to another in the permutation (Kothari & Ghosh, 2013a, 2014a, 2014bKumar et al, 2008;Ozcelik, 2012). The performance of local search (LS) algorithms greatly depends on the neighborhood exploration (NE) procedures (Kothari & Ghosh, 2013a).…”