“…Mao et al. [ 139 ] proposed a hybrid DL model that combines CNN, BiGRU, and a fully connected layer. The advantage of these two approaches is their ability to model both spatial and temporal patterns.…”
Section: Methods Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[ 138 ] 2021 Taiwan, China AE + CNN + GRU D/S/T+1 5.03 3.10 - - Mao et al. [ 139 ] 2022 Taiwan, China CNN + GRU H/S/T+1 4.78 3.56 - 0.89 Kennedy/Simon Bolivar, US D/S/T+1 6.83/6.15 5.29/4.58 - 0.44/0.56 …”
“…Mao et al. [ 139 ] proposed a hybrid DL model that combines CNN, BiGRU, and a fully connected layer. The advantage of these two approaches is their ability to model both spatial and temporal patterns.…”
Section: Methods Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[ 138 ] 2021 Taiwan, China AE + CNN + GRU D/S/T+1 5.03 3.10 - - Mao et al. [ 139 ] 2022 Taiwan, China CNN + GRU H/S/T+1 4.78 3.56 - 0.89 Kennedy/Simon Bolivar, US D/S/T+1 6.83/6.15 5.29/4.58 - 0.44/0.56 …”
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