A human tRNA(iMet) gene produces multiple transcripts.

Wahab, Samir Z.; Zehner, Zendra E.; Holmes, W M

doi:10.1128/mcb.7.11.4134

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Another case is the avian adenovirus CELO VA RNA gene; TTATT caused inefficient termination [41]. Termination within a T stretch shorter than 4 Ts or an interrupted T stretch has been noted for a human tRNAmet i gene [49]. …”

Section: Termination By Pol Iii: the Signal Is Oligo(dt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An intriguing concept for pol III is that of secondary terminators, i.e., an oligo(dT) stretch downstream of a weak primary terminator that can be used to produce a unique longer transcript. In one scenario, a fraction of pol III would terminate at the first oligo(dT) while the rest would read through to terminate at the downstream terminator [22, 33, 49]. Human adenoviral VA RNA I and avian adenovirus CELO VA RNA genes provide examples that can produce two different RNAs by this mechanism [41, 51].…”

Section: Termination By Pol Iii: the Signal Is Oligo(dt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcription termination by the eukaryotic RNA polymerase III

Arimbasseri

Rijal

Maraia

2013

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanism

110

111

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RNA polymerase (pol) III transcribes a multitude of tRNA and 5S rRNA genes as well as other small RNA genes distributed through the genome. By being sequence-specific, precise and efficient, transcription termination by pol III not only defines the 3′ end of the nascent RNA which directs subsequent association with the stabilizing La protein, it also prevents transcription into downstream DNA and promotes efficient recycling. Each of the RNA polymerases appears to have evolved unique mechanisms to initiate the process of termination in response to different types of termination signals. However, in eukaryotes much less is known about the final stage of termination, destabilization of the elongation complex with release of the RNA and DNA from the polymerase active center. By comparison to pols I & II, pol III exhibits the most direct coupling of the initial and final stages of termination, both of which occur at a short oligo(dT) tract on the non-template strand (dA on the template) of the DNA. While pol III termination is autonomous involving the core subunits C2 and probably C1, it also involves subunits C11, C37 and C53, which act on the pol III catalytic center and exhibit homology to the pol II elongation factor TFIIS, and TFIIFα/β respectively. Here we compile knowledge of pol III termination and associate mutations that affect this process with structural elements of the polymerase that illustrate the importance of C53/37 both at its docking site on the pol III lobe and in the active center. The models suggest that some of these features may apply to the other eukaryotic pols.

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Section: Termination By Pol Iii: the Signal Is Oligo(dt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Termination By Pol Iii: the Signal Is Oligo(dt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription termination by the eukaryotic RNA polymerase III

Arimbasseri

Rijal

Maraia

2013

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanism

110

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Two reports have suggested that mammalian tRNA transcription principally starts 2-7 nt upstream of mature tRNA 5' termini (6,20). In relatively few cases, pre-tRNAs containing Table 1.…”

Section: The 3' Processing Velocities Decrease Steeply As the Length Of The 5' Leader Is Extended Beyond 7 Ntmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long 5' leaders inhibit removal of a 3' trailer from a precursor tRNA by mammalian tRNA 3' processing endoribonuclease

Nashimoto

Wesemann

Geary

et al. 1999

Nucleic Acids Research

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Mammalian tRNA 3' processing endoribonuclease (3' tRNase) can remove a 3' trailer from various pre-tRNAs without 5' leader nucleotides. To examine how 5[prime] leader sequences affect 3' processing efficiency, we performed in vitro 3' processing reactions with purified pig 3' tRNase and pre-tRNAArgs containing a 13-nt 3' trailer and a 5[prime] leader of various lengths. The 3' processing was slightly stimulated by 5[prime] leaders containing up to 7 nt, whereas leaders of 9 nt or longer severely inhibited the reaction. Structure probing indicated that the 5' leader sequences had little effect on pre-tRNA folding. Similar results were obtained using pre-tRNA(Val)s containing a 5' leader of various lengths. We also investigated whether 3'tRNase can remove 3' trailers that are stably base-paired with 5' leaders to form an extended acceptor stem. Even such small 5' leaders as 3 and 6 nt, when base-paired with a 3' trailer, severely hindered removal of the 3' trailer by 3' tRNase.

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“…Even though the Pol III terminator is one of the first transcriptional regulatory elements identified in eukaryotes, how such a simple signal can suffice for transcription termination is not known, and several exceptions to the general Pol III termination rule have been reported. In particular, read-through at canonical termination signals has been observed for several Pol III templates ( 14–16 ), and a few alternative elements, such as various combinations of two to three consecutive dT residues ( 17–20 ), long stretches of dAs ( 21 ) and potential hairpins at the 3′-end of transcribed regions ( 18 ), have sparsely been described in the literature as serving as Pol III termination signals. The sequence context in which the T-run is embedded was also shown to play a significant role in its recognition as a termination signal ( 6 , 12 , 20 , 22 , 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread occurrence of non-canonical transcription termination by human RNA polymerase III

Orioli

Pascali

Quartararo

et al. 2011

Nucleic Acids Research

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Human RNA polymerase (Pol) III-transcribed genes are thought to share a simple termination signal constituted by four or more consecutive thymidine residues in the coding DNA strand, just downstream of the RNA 3′-end sequence. We found that a large set of human tRNA genes (tDNAs) do not display any T≥4 stretch within 50 bp of 3′-flanking region. In vitro analysis of tDNAs with a distanced T≥4 revealed the existence of non-canonical terminators resembling degenerate T≥5 elements, which ensure significant termination but at the same time allow for the production of Pol III read-through pre-tRNAs with unusually long 3′ trailers. A panel of such non-canonical signals was found to direct transcription termination of unusual Pol III-synthesized viral pre-miRNA transcripts in gammaherpesvirus 68-infected cells. Genome-wide location analysis revealed that human Pol III tends to trespass into the 3′-flanking regions of tDNAs, as expected from extensive terminator read-through. The widespread occurrence of partial termination suggests that the Pol III primary transcriptome in mammals is unexpectedly enriched in 3′-trailer sequences with the potential to contribute novel functional ncRNAs.

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A human tRNA(iMet) gene produces multiple transcripts.

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Transcription termination by the eukaryotic RNA polymerase III

Transcription termination by the eukaryotic RNA polymerase III

Long 5' leaders inhibit removal of a 3' trailer from a precursor tRNA by mammalian tRNA 3' processing endoribonuclease

Widespread occurrence of non-canonical transcription termination by human RNA polymerase III

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