A human embryonic stem cell-based in vitro model revealed that ultrafine carbon particles may cause skin inflammation and psoriasis

Development of Human Lung Induction Models for Air Pollutants’ Toxicity Assessment

“…We have previously exerted a few hPSC-based induction models to study the effects of environmental pollutants and nanoparticles and have obtained promising results advocating for the use of hPSC induction models in environmental toxicology. , Here, we first tested the robustness of the hPSC induction models to hLPs and ATLs for toxicity evaluations.…”

“…A recent study showed clear evidence for the presence of carbon- and/or silicon-based PM 2.5 in human serum and pleural effusion, suggesting the need for toxicity evaluations. Researchers have been actively using A549 and 16HBE human lung epithelial cell lines as in vitro models for the toxicity assessment of nano-carbon black and other nanoparticles. − Since in our published studies we have used hPSC induction models to study the toxicity of nanoparticles, ,, we sought to test whether derived ATLs could be used for a similar purpose and chose nano-carbon black (“carbon” in the figures) as an example.…”

Comparative Toxicity of Fly Ash: An In Vitro Study

“…Thus, cell penetration can probably explain the high toxicity of the samples shown by flow cytometry. Using dark-field and hyperspectral microscopy, the distribution and formation of aggregates of air pollutants in lungs [ 47 , 48 , 49 ], human embryonic stem cells [ 50 ], cultures of macrophages, and bronchial epithelial cells [ 51 ] were studied. We were the first to study the distribution and uptake of fly ash in Jurkat cells, and with the help of hyperspectral microscopy, the fly ash particles were found either on the surface or inside the cells.…”

Human pluripotent stem cells: An alternative for 3D in vitro modelling of skin disease

“…Both are thought to act synergistically in the derivation of hPSC-KCs, with BMP4 blocking neural fate through the SMAD-signalling pathway and ATRA promoting ectodermal fate by binding to its nuclear retinoic acid and retinoid X receptors. [95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107] Upon induction of ectodermal commitment, to promote these progenitors to follow an epidermal lineage, either a commercially available KC growth medium or a self-composed medium is used. The medium itself consists of but is often also supplemented with small molecules and growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), cholera toxin, transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) inhibitors, ROCKinhibitor, and insulin in various concentrations throughout the protocol.…”

“…The medium itself consists of but is often also supplemented with small molecules and growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), cholera toxin, transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) inhibitors, ROCKinhibitor, and insulin in various concentrations throughout the protocol. [104,106,[108][109][110][111][112] These factors are generally used to mimic epidermogenesis but are also included to aid cell proliferation and population doubling. Furthermore, nearly all published protocols also plate cells onto a coating that would mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as native 3D decellularized human dermal FB (HDF) ECM, collagen IV, collagen I or fibronectin.…”