A Hollow Polyethylene Fiber-Based Artificial Muscle

Gao, Peng; Li, Jiahui; Shi, Qiuwei

doi:10.1007/s42765-019-00019-6

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…[58] Besides, the variation of temperature also causes the volume change due to thermal expansion or phase transitions like melting and crystallization, which does not involve mass exchange. [59] The distance change is specific to a yarn or thread that consists of a lot of fibers. The yarn/thread contracts and rotates because of the change of gaps between fibers.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of the Fiber Actuatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Fibers and Fabrics for Soft Robotics, Wearables, and Human–Robot Interface

2020

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Fiber that has been known for thousands of years for textile engineering, is a kind of thin 1D material with large length-diameter ratio and softness. Fiber can be further processed into 1D or 3D yarns and 2D or 3D fabrics and can be subjected to wellestablished textile manufacturing techniques, such as dyeing, twisting, sewing, knitting, weaving, braiding, etc. [1] As commercially available material, fabric has been widely used for clothing, bedding, or furniture. Such wide-adoption demonstrates fabrics/textiles to be important and adaptable as daily useable material due to their merits of protection, breathability, comfort, and durability. [2] In recent years, novel smart responsive functions are desirable to be implemented on fibers and fabrics for seamless integrations of actuators, sensors, power sources, etc., to realize the robotic fibers/fabric-based manipulators and human-robot interfaces. These emerging responsive fibers/ fabrics are desirable to offer programmable functions, actuations, perception and capable of building an intuitive and dynamic collaborative scenarios with human, promising in enabling applications such as remote operation, human motion assistance, human perception, health monitoring and biomedical detection and therapy. [3][4][5] It is an attractive concept that the future human-robot interfaces could be embodied in familiar forms for humans such as textiles or clothes. Compared with the polymeric and elastomeric soft robotics, [6][7][8][9] fibers and fabrics are advantageous in applications of soft robotics and wearables for human. The devices could be programmable to have accurate designs in configuration and high performance by traditional manufacturing processes of textile, applying twist to transform fibers into coils, yarns with hierarchical structures, which could be further fabricated into fabrics or textiles by sewing, weaving, knitting, etc., techniques (Figure 1), guaranteeing good wearability, skin affinity, washability, and durability, which are intriguing and necessary for friendly robotics interactions with human.Soft robotics include three main components of actuators, sensors, and control modules with power sources. [10,11] Of which, actuators, sensors and power sources all could be designed in the form of fibers or fabrics, rendering facile assembly, and integration by interlocking. [12] Common actuations can be Soft robotics inspired by the movement of living organisms, with excellent adaptability and accuracy for accomplishing tasks, are highly desirable for efficient operations and safe interactions with human. With the emerging wearable electronics, higher tactility and skin affinity are pursued for safe and user-friendly human-robot interactions. Fabrics interlocked by fibers perform traditional static functions such as warming, protection, and fashion. Recently, dynamic fibers and fabrics are favorable to deliver active stimulus responses such as sensing and actuating abilities for soft-robots and wearables. First, the responsive mechanisms of fiber/fabric actu...

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Section: Mechanisms Of the Fiber Actuatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The actuation that relied on the wax melting shows high cycle life, high energy and power densities. [106] Besides, the guest also can be filled into a hollow microtube to achieve actuation [59] and stiffness change. [107,108] The infiltrated guests play a key role in the dynamic torsional actuation of the yarn.…”

Section: Thermal Actuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Fibers and Fabrics for Soft Robotics, Wearables, and Human–Robot Interface

2020

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“…In addition, using other non-reactive polymers (such as nylon 6, polysulfonamide) to replace the TPU layer can also achieve thermal stimulus response driving. In contrast to studies that improve heat conversion efficiency using more expensive raw materials, Gao et al prepared a fiber actuator based on thermal stimulus response using low-cost hollow polyethylene with dual functional response of color and shape change ( Gao et al, 2019 ). A fast shrinkage drive was achieved by improving the heat transfer between the materials through direct Joule heating with a shrinkage of up to 18% of the original length, thereby providing better advantages in actual industrial production.…”

Section: Single Stimulus Response Smart Actuatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Actuators Based on External Stimulus Response

Zheng

Jiang

et al. 2021

Front. Chem.

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Smart actuators refer to integrated devices that are composed of smart and artificial materials, and can provide actuation and dampening capabilities in response to single/multi external stimuli (such as light, heat, magnetism, electricity, humidity, and chemical reactions). Due to their capability of dynamically sensing and interaction with complex surroundings, smart actuators have attracted increasing attention in different application fields, such as artificial muscles, smart textiles, smart sensors, and soft robots. Among these intelligent material, functional hydrogels with fiber structure are of great value in the manufacture of smart actuators. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in stimuli-responsive actuators based on functional materials. We emphasized the important role of functional nano-material-based additives in the preparation of the stimulus response materials, then analyzed the driving response medium, the preparation method, and the performance of different stimuli responses in detail. In addition, some challenges and future prospects of smart actuators are reported.

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“…Such molecules process at least two configurations that are switchable under external stimuli. In the so-called molecular motors [6], the external energy can be converted into mechanical movement, similar to some fiber-based [7,8] or nanoparticle-based artificial muscles [9]. The group of the Nobel laurate Feringa has successfully synthesized a large number of molecular motors, aiming at finding mechanically more efficient transformations; the last two decades saw already three generations of molecular systems with increasingly rotational speedup [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvation Effects on the Thermal Helix Inversion of Molecular Motors from QM/MM Calculations

2022

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Molecular motors convert light and thermal energies into mechanical work, offering good opportunities to design novel molecular devices. Among them, molecular motors alternate a photoisomerization and a thermal helix inversion to achieve unidirectional rotation. The rotational speed is limited by the helix inversion step, which in turn is governed by a barrier in the electronic ground state. In this work, we systematically study the solvation effect on the thermal process of selected molecular motors, comparing reaction barriers obtained from both density functional theory (DFT) in the isolated system and umbrella sampling within a hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) model in solution. We find more prominent solvation effects on those molecular motors with larger dipole moments. The results could provide insight into how to functionalize molecular motors to speed up their rotation.

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A Hollow Polyethylene Fiber-Based Artificial Muscle

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Functional Fibers and Fabrics for Soft Robotics, Wearables, and Human–Robot Interface

Functional Fibers and Fabrics for Soft Robotics, Wearables, and Human–Robot Interface

Smart Actuators Based on External Stimulus Response

Solvation Effects on the Thermal Helix Inversion of Molecular Motors from QM/MM Calculations

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