A Holistic Study on the Effect of Annealing Temperature and Time on CH3NH3PbI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cell Characteristics

Kazemi, Mohammad Ali Akhavan; Jamali, Arash; Sauvage, Frédéric

doi:10.3389/fenrg.2021.732886

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Recently, EPBT of lead-based perovskite solar module (Pb-PSM) has been calculated to be in the range of 0.97–1.74 years . The maximum PCE of the MAPbI 3 PSC with PEDOT/PSS and PCBM transport layers is 18% . The TPED of the Pb-PSM has been calculated to be 787.17 MJ·m –2 , as given in Tables and .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…67 The maximum PCE of the MAPbI 3 PSC with PEDOT/PSS and PCBM transport layers is 18%. 68 The TPED of the Pb-PSM has been calculated to be 787.17 MJ• m −2 , as given in Tables 7 and 8. In India, the APEG and EPBT of the Pb-PSM have been determined to be 78.03 kW h•m −2 • year −1 and 0.81 years.…”

Section: Effect Of Ag Nps Embedded In Both the Absorber And Electron ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficiency Enhancement and Life Cycle Assessment of 2D/3D Mixed-Dimensional Tin Perovskite Plasmonic Solar Cells

Purkayastha,

Minz,

Sonkar

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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In this work, the impact of spherical silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the performance of mixed-dimensional tin perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs) was explored using Silvaco 2D TCAD and Lumerical software. Embedding 10 nm spherical Ag NPs within the electron transport layer at the cathode interface led to an increase of 8.65% boost in photocurrent density (J PH ) through a plasmonic effect, resulting in a maximum power conversion efficiency of 23.16%. However, the presence of metal NPs in the hole transport layer reduced the absorption efficiency of the active layer. Notably, our experiments revealed that the mixed-dimensional Sn PSCs (0.15 M phenylethylammonium iodide in precursor solution) displayed an average grain size of 257 nm, surpassing that of the 3D Sn PSCs by 48.55%. Additionally, XRD studies showed that these mixed-dimensional films exhibited a minimized full width at half-maximum value of 0.342°for the (100) perovskite plane, confirming superior crystallinity compared to other types of films. Furthermore, material and energy inventories have been developed for a tin perovskite solar module (Sn-PSM) embedded with Ag NPs, facilitating a comprehensive life cycle assessment. The total primary energy demand (TPED) for the development of Sn-PSM was estimated to be 643.98 MJ•m −2 . The production of ITO glass contributes to nearly 37.09% of the TPED and is the major bottleneck for reducing the energy consumption. The deposition of PEDOT/PSS and FASnI 3 (spin coating and annealing) accounted for 33.30 and 34.99% of the energy required, respectively, for module fabrication. The energy payback time has been predicted to be 0.53 years, which is lower by 34.57 and 75.90% compared to those of lead-based solar module (Pb-PSM) and c-Si solar modules, respectively. Furthermore, the greenhouse gas emission factor has been evaluated to be 0.07 kg-CO 2 •kW h −1 , indicating substantial reductions by 36.36 and 77.85% when compared to those of Pb-PSM and c-Si solar modules, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Ag Nps Embedded In Both the Absorber And Electron ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency Enhancement and Life Cycle Assessment of 2D/3D Mixed-Dimensional Tin Perovskite Plasmonic Solar Cells

Purkayastha,

Minz,

Sonkar

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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“…It could easily generate pinholes and cracks on the perovskite surface. Consequently, the carrier transportation ability of the perovskite films deteriorated [ 37 ]. SEM surface analysis was used to further observe the surface morphology of the (GA) 0.05 (MA) 0.95 PbI 3 films treated with various annealing temperatures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Guanidinium Doped MAPbI3 Active Layer

Chang,

Lee,

Lee

2024

Nanomaterials

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In this work, guanidinium (GA+) was doped into methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) perovskite film to fabricate perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To determine the optimal formulation of the resulting guanidinium-doped MAPbI3 ((GA)x(MA)1−xPbI3) for the perovskite active layer in PSCs, the perovskite films with various GA+ doping concentrations, annealing temperatures, and thicknesses were systematically modulated and studied. The experimental results demonstrated a 400-nm-thick (GA)x(MA)1−xPbI3 film, with 5% GA+ doping and annealed at 90 °C for 20 min, provided optimal surface morphology and crystallinity. The PSCs configured with the optimal (GA)x(MA)1−xPbI3 perovskite active layer exhibited an open-circuit voltage of 0.891 V, a short-circuit current density of 24.21 mA/cm2, a fill factor of 73.1%, and a power conversion efficiency of 15.78%, respectively. Furthermore, the stability of PSCs featuring this optimized (GA)x(MA)1−xPbI3 perovskite active layer was significantly enhanced.

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“…Various analytical techniques have been used to probe the instability of MAPbI 3 and FAPbI 3 -based perovskites, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry, mass spectrometry, optical or electron microscopy, ssNMR spectroscopy, and theoretical calculations. − Only a handful of studies have used atomic-scale characterization techniques to analyze the different degradation products and their kinetic pathways, specifically for assimilating the long-term environmental stability of several months. ,,− It can be due, in part, to the limitations associated with the spatial and temporal resolution of analytical techniques to probe the accurate chemical nature of intermediates, short-lived species at minuscule concentrations in cascading degradation pathways. Nonetheless, the role of moisture in the thin-film morphology, grain size, and long-range structural order can be obtained by electron microscopy and XRD techniques . However, examining the degradation pathways by means of organic A site cations and passivating ligands is less straightforward by using long-range techniques .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, the role of moisture in the thin-film morphology, grain size, and long-range structural order can be obtained by electron microscopy and XRD techniques. 58 However, examining the degradation pathways by means of organic A site cations and passivating ligands is less straightforward by using long-range techniques. 59 In this respect, the short-range nature associated with ssNMR facilitates the changes in local structures and intermolecular interactions to be elucidated and distinguished.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining a Year-Long Chemical Degradation Process and Reaction Kinetics in Pristine and Defect-Passivated Lead Halide Perovskites

et al. 2023

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As a promising solar energy harvesting technology, solution-processed metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are of great current interest in developing low-cost and efficient photovoltaic cells. Despite their excellent optoelectronic properties and the nascent advancements in compositional tailoring and interfacial engineering to develop high-performance MHPs, issues associated with the long-term environmental stability of these materials are yet to be addressed. Here we examine the moisture-induced cascade degradation reactions over a year for methylammonium l e a d i o d i d e ( M A P b I 3 ) -a n d f o r m a m i d i n i u m -r i c h [Cs 0.05 (MA 0.17 FA 0.83 ) 0.95 Pb(Br 0.17 I 0.83 ) 3 ] formulations at 40 and 85% relative humidity (RH) in the air. The transformative reactions at 85% RH lead to chemical degradation process in both MA-rich and FA-rich perovskites, yielding to the different organic and inorganic byproducts within a few hours, but the exposure to 40% RH retains the longevity of these materials up to several months. The defect passivation by the tetrapropylammonium cation (TPA + ) imparts enhanced stability of MAPbI 3 particles, irrespective of the exposure conditions to water vapor. By resolving thin-film morphology at sub-nanometer to nanometer resolution using solid-state (ss)NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques, kinetics of degradation reactions and structural insights into the inorganic/organic interfaces and degradation products are obtained and compared. Our findings provide mechanistic details into the cascade degradation reactions in pristine and defect-passivated MHPs, enabling guidance for novel passivating and interfacial engineering strategies to further improve the robustness of the MHPs with respect to environmental stressors.

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A Holistic Study on the Effect of Annealing Temperature and Time on CH3NH3PbI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cell Characteristics

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Efficiency Enhancement and Life Cycle Assessment of 2D/3D Mixed-Dimensional Tin Perovskite Plasmonic Solar Cells

Efficiency Enhancement and Life Cycle Assessment of 2D/3D Mixed-Dimensional Tin Perovskite Plasmonic Solar Cells

Investigation of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Guanidinium Doped MAPbI3 Active Layer

Examining a Year-Long Chemical Degradation Process and Reaction Kinetics in Pristine and Defect-Passivated Lead Halide Perovskites

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