A history of the earth, and animated nature

Goldsmith, Oliver; Bryer, H.; Crowder, J.; King, R. B.; Wingrave, F.; Wright, J.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.110795

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Any sizeable flock of ravens would be of non‐breeders probably using traditional communal roost sites. Paired‐for‐life breeders (Ryves, 1948) hold territories year‐round (Cady & Hume, 1988) also with a high degree of predictability from 1 year to the next (Marquiss et al ., 1978; Nogales, 1994; Goldsmith, undated).…”

Section: Place‐namesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ravens (Corvus corax corax L.) in the British landscape: a thousand years of ecological biogeography in place‐names

Moore¹

2002

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim To investigate the information content of place‐names regarding the habits, habitat and biogeography of ravens in Britain over the past millennium. Location England, Scotland and Wales. Methods Linguistic and ecological analysis of over 400 British place‐names that have a putative ‘raven’ derivation. Results Most of the ‘raven’ place‐names are Old English in origin. Some of these (a minority), however, derive from personal names. The derivations of most names reflect landscape rather than man‐made features; the majority relating to high, craggy ground or coastal features, a minority to wooded situations or human habitations. In lowland Scotland and the Scottish borders the colloquial name corbie dominates ‘raven’ place‐names, perhaps reflecting French influence. In the Highlands and the Western Isles the Gaelic fitheach and its derivatives are predominant. Relatively fewer place‐names that have ‘raven’ roots have been educed in other parts of the Celtic West, i.e. Wales and Cornwall (only one traced in the latter). Main conclusions Comparison of the geographical distribution of ‘raven’‐derived place‐names with the present‐day distribution of the species in Britain reveals the extent of the contraction in the raven's range to the West over historical time, most notably during theprevious two centuries, associated with changed land‐management practices in particular.

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Section: Place‐namesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was called the parson in Somerset and elsewhere the great corbie crow (Jackson, 1968). It was often personalized as Ralph (Goldsmith, undated; Jackson, 1968). In Welsh it is cigfran , cigfrain , gigfran or fra^n (W cig ‘meat’ or ‘flesh’, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ravens (Corvus corax corax L.) in the British landscape: a thousand years of ecological biogeography in place‐names

Moore¹

2002

Journal of Biogeography

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“…70 The popular author, Oliver Goldsmith (c. 1728-74), remarked that naturalists such as 'Linnaeus, have had only one aim, that of pointing out the object in nature, [and] discovering its name' and Ralph Brookes (d. 1793) wrote that Linnaeus' 'attempts to reduce the names of plants into a system, has rendered the study more difficult and more subject to error, than it would have been if the student had only used his sight for the distinguishing of plants'. 71 These views reflect the main arguments of the Linnaean critics, Solander, to remain in England to work on the collection, rather than take up a professorship at the University of St Petersburg. 73 75 Shortly before this, Collinson had written to…”

Section: Constructing the First Public Collectionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Specimens, slips and systems: Daniel Solander and the classification of nature at the world's first public museum, 1753–1768

Rose

2018

Br J Hist Sci

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The British Museum, based in Montague House, Bloomsbury, opened its doors on 15 January 1759, as the world's first state-owned public museum. The Museum's collection mostly originated from Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753), whose vast holdings were purchased by Parliament shortly after his death. The largest component of this collection was objects of natural history, including a herbarium made up of 265 bound volumes, many of which were classified according to the late seventeenth-century system of John Ray (1627-1705). The 1750s saw the emergence of Linnaean binomial nomenclature, following the publication of Carl Linnaeus' Species Plantarum (1753) and Systema Naturae (1758). In order to adopt this new system for their collections, the Trustees of the British Museum chose to employ the Swedish naturalist and former student of Linnaeus, Daniel Solander (1733-1782) to reclassify the collection. Solander was ordered to devise a new system for classifying and cataloguing Sloane's natural history collection, which would allow both Linnaeans and those who followed earlier systems to access it. Solander's work was essential for allowing the British Museum to realize its aim of becoming a public centre of learning, adapting the collection to reflect the diversity of classificatory practices which were existent by the 1760s. This task engaged Solander until 1768, when he received an offer from Joseph Banks (1743-1820) to accompany him on HMS Endeavour to the Pacific.

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“…Esta experiencia, muy semejante a la de Barrère, coincidirá con observaciones muy recurrentes en el siglo XVIII, que mostrarán la piel del blanco como más abierta, traslúcida, no sólo respecto al color, sino en referencia a la propia transparencia de las emociones. El poeta Oliver Goldsmith en su History of the earth (1774) ensalzaba la piel blanca como la más bella, pues era «a transparent covering to the soul» 53 , a través de la cual se revelaba toda la gama de las pasiones 54 . El recurso al principio de variedad como criterio de belleza para enaltecer la piel blanca fue bastante común en la época.…”

Section: Descripciones Y Causas Anatómicasunclassified

«Des hommes noirs et non pas des nègres»: Piel y raza en el siglo XVIII

Pestana¹

2011

Asclepio

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A growing interest in the nature of the black skin and in the origins of the peoples classified under this trait was accompanied in the eighteenth century by an increasing differentiation of their nature from whites, to the point that they were considered either a degenerated variety of humans, a separate species or inferior animals. Skin and race go together in the natural history of man, which comprises not only anatomical and physiological aspects, but also the history of nations, the Sacred History, and the aesthetic reflection.

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A history of the earth, and animated nature

Cited by 8 publications

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Ravens (Corvus corax corax L.) in the British landscape: a thousand years of ecological biogeography in place‐names

Ravens (Corvus corax corax L.) in the British landscape: a thousand years of ecological biogeography in place‐names

Specimens, slips and systems: Daniel Solander and the classification of nature at the world's first public museum, 1753–1768

«Des hommes noirs et non pas des nègres»: Piel y raza en el siglo XVIII

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