A History of Cow’s Milk Allergy Is Associated with Lower Vitamin D Status in Schoolchildren

Rosendahl, Jenni; Fogelholm, Mikael; Pelkonen, Antti; Mäkelä, Mika J.; Mäkitie, Outi; Erkkola, Maijaliisa

doi:10.1159/000478779

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As previously mentioned, three out of four adolescents in Northern Norway had 25(OH)D <50 nmol/l [43]. In Finland, a study among 10-year-olds showed adequate mean 25(OH)D concentrations and 16% had 25(OH)D ˂50 nmol/l [52]. In a study of Finnish newborn infants living in the metropolitan area, only 1% had inadequate cord blood 25(OH)D concentration [53].…”

Section: Adults and Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Vitamin D status and current policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries

Itkonen

Andersen

Björk

et al. 2020

Scand J Public Health

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Aims: Nordic countries share fairly similar food culture and geographical location as well as common nutrition recommendations. The aim of this paper was to review the latest data on vitamin D status and intake and to describe the national supplementation and food fortification policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries. Methods: The data are based on results derived from a literature search presented in a workshop held in Helsinki in November 2018 and completed by recent studies. Results: Vitamin D policies and the implementation of the recommendations differ among the Nordic countries. Vitamin D fortification policies can be mandatory or voluntary and widespread, moderate or non-existent. Vitamin D supplementation recommendations differ, ranging from all age groups being advised to take supplements to only infants. In the general adult population of the Nordic countries, vitamin D status and intake are better than in the risk groups that are not consuming vitamin D supplements or foods containing vitamin D. Non-Western immigrant populations in all Nordic countries share the problem of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. Conclusions: Despite the common nutrition recommendations, there are differences between the Nordic countries in the implementation of the recommendations and policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake and status. There is a need for wider Nordic collaboration studies as well as strategies to improve vitamin D status, especially in risk groups.

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Section: Adults and Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Vitamin D status and current policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries

Itkonen

Andersen

Björk

et al. 2020

Scand J Public Health

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“…Children who drank at least 450 g/day of vitamin D-fortified milk had a 72–74% lower risk of having S-25(OH)D below 50 nmol/L than those who drank less than 300 g/day (adjusted for age and sex). However, another study on 10-year-old Finnish children ( n = 171) found no association between vitamin D-fortified milk consumption frequency and S-25(OH)D status, but among those children with a history of cow’s milk allergy (an indicator of milk avoidance), consumption of vitamin D-fortified milk as well as S-25(OH)D concentrations were lower than among their peers without allergy history [ 45 ]. Nevertheless, vitamin D supplement use was very common in this population (60% daily users), and thus was one important determinant of their vitamin D status [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Fortification of Fluid Milk Products and Their Contribution to Vitamin D Intake and Vitamin D Status in Observational Studies—A Review

2018

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Fluid milk products are systematically, either mandatorily or voluntarily, fortified with vitamin D in some countries but their overall contribution to vitamin D intake and status worldwide is not fully understood. We searched the PubMed database to evaluate the contribution of vitamin D-fortified fluid milk products (regular milk and fermented products) to vitamin D intake and serum or plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status in observational studies during 1993–2017. Twenty studies provided data on 25(OH)D status (n = 19,744), and 22 provided data on vitamin D intake (n = 99,023). Studies showed positive associations between the consumption of vitamin D-fortified milk and 25(OH)D status in different population groups. In countries with a national vitamin D fortification policy covering various fluid milk products (Finland, Canada, United States), milk products contributed 28–63% to vitamin D intake, while in countries without a fortification policy, or when the fortification covered only some dairy products (Sweden, Norway), the contribution was much lower or negligible. To conclude, based on the reviewed observational studies, vitamin D-fortified fluid milk products contribute to vitamin D intake and 25(OH)D status. However, their impact on vitamin D intake at the population level depends on whether vitamin D fortification is systematic and policy-based.

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“…For vitamin D, a blood assay may detect insufficient levels, but supplementing the child throughout the elimination diet is common practice. The vitamin D status was significantly lower in Finnish schoolchildren with a history of CMPA, indicating that restricting the diet may have long-term consequences on dietary habits and subsequently on later vitamin D status [26]. Calcium supplements may be used if intakes remain below the daily need.…”

Section: The Need For a Precise Dietary Follow-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolyzed Rice Protein-Based Formulas, a Vegetal Alternative in Cow’s Milk Allergy

et al. 2020

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Formulas adapted to infant feeding, although most of the time made from cow’s milk proteins, can be made from hydrolyzed rice protein but they must be classified as “formulas for specific medical needs”, according to European regulations. The nutritional quality of rice proteins is thus suitable to be used in infant formulas giving that it is supplemented by certain amino acids which can be lacking. Besides, hydrolysis is required to facilitate their water solubility and digestibility. Owing to a low allergenicity of rice and to the absence of the cross-allergy between milk proteins and rice proteins, these formulas are adapted to the diet of children with cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA), which explains their growing use in some countries. However, CMPA, an expanding disorder, has consequences for growth, bone mineralization, and often has an association with allergy to other foods, including cow’s milk extensive hydrolysate, so that a surveillance of the adaption of hydrolyzed rice protein formulas (HRPF) to CMPA, the absence of unexpected side effects, and the appropriate response to its various health hazards seems mandatory. This paper analyses the health problem deriving from CMPA, the industrial development of hydrolyzed rice protein formulas, and the limited number of clinical studies, which confirms, at the moment, a good allergic tolerance and safety. The goal is to better advise heath care professionals on their use of HRPFs during CMPA.

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A History of Cow’s Milk Allergy Is Associated with Lower Vitamin D Status in Schoolchildren

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Vitamin D status and current policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries

Vitamin D status and current policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries

Vitamin D Fortification of Fluid Milk Products and Their Contribution to Vitamin D Intake and Vitamin D Status in Observational Studies—A Review

Hydrolyzed Rice Protein-Based Formulas, a Vegetal Alternative in Cow’s Milk Allergy

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