A historical review of atomic frequency standards used in space systems

Bhaskar, N. D.; White, J.; Mallette, Leo A.; McClelland, T.; Hardy, Jennifer

doi:10.1109/freq.1996.559816

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…O PTICALLY pumped gas cell atomic frequency standards (often referred to as Rubidium clocks) [1] represent a well-established type of secondary frequency reference, which offers competitive frequency stabilities up to medium-term timescales (∼ days) in compact volumes around 0.25 to 2 L. Industrial realizations of such clocks find applications in telecommunications, as local frequency references, and in space applications like satellite navigation systems [2]. Over the past C. Affolderbach few years, a number of studies [3]- [12] have been conducted on laser-pumped gas cell frequency standards with the aim of improved frequency stability performance compared to their lamp-pumped counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Demonstration of a Compact and High-Performance Laser-Pumped Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standard

Affolderbach

Droz²,

Mileti

2006

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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Abstract-The authors present a compact high-performance laser-pumped Rubidium atomic frequency standard exploiting the advantages of laser optical pumping for improved stability. The clock is based on an industrial Rb clock with the lamp assembly removed and optically pumped by light from a compact frequency-stabilized laser head. The modification of the buffer gas filling in the clock resonance cell reduces instabilities on medium-term timescales arising from the ac Stark effect and temperature variations. The frequency stability of the demonstrator clock was measured to be better than 4 × 10

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Demonstration of a Compact and High-Performance Laser-Pumped Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standard

Affolderbach

Droz²,

Mileti

2006

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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“…Quartz crystal oscillators were used to generate accurate time FIGURE 4 The iteration process used to generate accurate time delay τ reference. In 1974, rubidium atomic clocks were carried onboard for the first time (Bhaskar et al, 1996). Deterministic and stochastic errors were involved in atomic clocks onboard, denoted as δ t d and δ t s , respectively.…”

Section: Clock Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Autonomous Orbit Determination for Satellite Pairs in Lunar Halo and Distant Retrograde Orbits

Gao

Hou

2022

navi

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A comprehensive study on the autonomous orbit determination (AOD) performance of satellite pairs in halo orbits and distant retrograde orbits (DROs) is carried out. A factor called dynamic and geometric dilution of precision (DAGDOP) is proposed to simultaneously incorporate influences from the dynamics and geometry of satellite pairs. Based on the DAGDOP, the effect of different observation arcs on the AOD accuracy is investigated. Next, the AOD accuracy of three different types of satellite pairs-halo+halo, DRO+DRO, and halo+DRO-is systematically analyzed. The hybrid halo+DRO type shows the best overall accuracy. Finally, the AOD performance of the hybrid type is verified in a realistic model. Our studies find that the average AOD accuracy of the halo orbit is about 170 meters, and that of the DRO is about 190 meters. The relative time synchronization error of two satellites is less than 30 nanoseconds.

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“…There are four mainstream systems worldwide: GPS of the USA, GLONASS of Russia, GALIEO of Europe, and BeiDou of China. As the core component aboard navigation satellites, the performance of rubidium atomic clocks dominates the positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) accuracy directly [47,48], which enables time measurement at the nanosecond level when signals travelling thousands of kilometers from space to the Earth.…”

Section: Key Technology In the Development Of Rubidium Atomicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Vacuum Measurement Technology in China’s Space Programs

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Space Sci Technol

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The significance of vacuum measurement technology is increasingly prominent in China’s thriving space industry. Lanzhou Institute of Physics (LIP) has been dedicated to the development of payloads and space-related vacuum technology for decades, and widely participated in China’s space programs. In this paper, we present several payloads carried on satellites, spaceships, and space stations; the methodologies of which covered the fields of total and partial pressure measurement, vacuum and pressure leak detection, and standard gas inlet technology. Then, we introduce the corresponding calibration standards developed in LIP, which guaranteed the detection precision of these payloads. This review also provides some suggestions and expectations for the future development and application of vacuum measurement technology in space exploration.

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A historical review of atomic frequency standards used in space systems

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Experimental Demonstration of a Compact and High-Performance Laser-Pumped Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standard

Experimental Demonstration of a Compact and High-Performance Laser-Pumped Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standard

Comparison of Autonomous Orbit Determination for Satellite Pairs in Lunar Halo and Distant Retrograde Orbits

Applications of Vacuum Measurement Technology in China’s Space Programs

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