A Historical Perspective of Fuel Cell Technology in the 20th Century

Perry, Mike; Fuller, Thomas F.

doi:10.1149/1.1488651

Cited by 444 publications

(253 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Although fuel cells were initially conceived as attractive devices for the generation of electricity, (higher efficiencies and lower emissions) today the main applications for this technology are directed to portable or stationary electricity generation and power for transportation [1][2][3] . Nevertheless, the development and deployment of inexpensive, efficient and reliable fuel cells is still very challenging, since several crucial issues must be resolved before their commercialization and deployment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identical Location Transmission Electron Microscopy Imaging of Site-Selective Pt Nanocatalysts: Electrochemical Activation and Surface Disordering

Arán‐Ais

Yu²,

Hovden³

et al. 2015

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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Abstract:We have employed Identical Location Transmission Electron Microscopy (IL-TEM) to study changes in the shape and morphology of faceted Pt nanoparticles as a result of the electrochemical cycling; a procedure typically employed for activating platinum surfaces. We find that the shape and morphology of the as-prepared hexagonal nanoparticles are rapidly degraded as a result of potential cycling up to +1.3 V. As few as 25 potential cycles are sufficient to cause significant degradation, and after about 500-1,000 cycles the particles are dramatically degraded. We also see clear evidence of particle migration during potential cycling. These finding suggest that great care must be exercised in the use and study of shaped Pt nanoparticles (and related systems) as electrocatlysts, especially for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) where high positive potentials are typically employed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identical Location Transmission Electron Microscopy Imaging of Site-Selective Pt Nanocatalysts: Electrochemical Activation and Surface Disordering

Arán‐Ais

Yu²,

Hovden³

et al. 2015

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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“…1 The function of a proton-conducting ionomer such as Nafion® is to provide an ionic path for proton migration from the membrane/active layer interface to the catalyst sites.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Ionic Conductivity Profiles of the Air Cathode of a PEMFC by AC Impedance Spectroscopy

Guo

Cayetano²,

Tsou³

et al. 2003

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A characterization of the ionic conduction of the active layer of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathode by ac impedance measurement at open-circuit potential conditions was conducted. Porous electrode theory was used to derive a compact equation, ∂2normalΦ̑2/∂y2+∂lnffalse(yfalse)/∂y×∂normalΦ̑2/∂y−R/ffalse(yfalse)false(1+jnormalΩfalse)normalΦ̑2=0, to solve for the impedance response of a cathode at open-circuit potential conditions. This equation includes a parameter R, the ratio of an ionic resistance (evaluated at the active layer/membrane interface), to the total charge-transfer resistance of the active layer. The influence of an assumed ionic conductivity distribution profile ffalse(yfalse) on the error in the estimation of total double-layer capacitance of the active layer from the −1/false(ZnormalImωfalse) vs. ZnormalRe plot was also investigated in this work. The increase of ionic conductivity in the active layer of an air cathode with an increase in the ionomer loading was revealed from both impedance data and surface area measurements. A nonlinear parameter estimation method was used to extract the ionic resistance from the high-frequency region of the impedance data at open-circuit potential conditions. The assumed ionic conductivity distribution profile in the active layer was found to vary with ionomer loadings. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

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“…The peak current densities of these catalysts associated with formic acid oxidation in the forward and reverse scans were 70. 2 Analogous to the superior catalytic activity of the Pt-containing nanocomposites for methanol oxidation [13], the enhanced catalytic activity of the Ag 2 S-Au-Pt nanocomposites for FAOR could also be attributed to the electronic coupling between the different domains in the nanocomposites. The XPS Pt 4f spectra of the Pt-containing nanocomposites (Ag 2 S-Pt, Ag 2 S-Au-Pt) and pure Pt nanoparticles were analyzed.…”

Section: Electrochemical Measurements Of Pt-containing Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Platinum (Pt) nanoparticles are active electrocatalysts to facilitate both anodic and cathodic reactions in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) [1][2][3]. However, in methanol or formic acid-fed PEMFCs, the Pt catalysts usually suffer from the poisoning at the anode by carbon monoxide (CO), which is an intermediate product of the fuels [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pt-Containing Ag2S-Noble Metal Nanocomposites as Highly Active Electrocatalysts for the Oxidation of Formic Acid

et al. 2014

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Nanocomposites with synergistic effect are of great interest for their enhanced properties in a given application. Herein, we reported the high catalytic activity of Pt-containing Ag2S-noble metal nanocomposites in formic acid oxidation, which is a key reaction in direct formic acid fuel cell. The electrochemical measurements including voltammograms and chronoamperograms are used to characterize the catalytic property of Pt-containing nanocomposites for the oxidation of formic acid. In view of the limited literatures on using nanocomposites consisting of semiconductor and noble metals for catalyzing the reactions of polymer electrolyte membrane-based fuel cells, this study provides a helpful exploration for expanding the application of semiconductor-noble metal nanocomposites.

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A Historical Perspective of Fuel Cell Technology in the 20th Century

Abstract: © 2002 The Electrochemical Society.

Cited by 444 publications

References 79 publications

Identical Location Transmission Electron Microscopy Imaging of Site-Selective Pt Nanocatalysts: Electrochemical Activation and Surface Disordering

Identical Location Transmission Electron Microscopy Imaging of Site-Selective Pt Nanocatalysts: Electrochemical Activation and Surface Disordering

Study of Ionic Conductivity Profiles of the Air Cathode of a PEMFC by AC Impedance Spectroscopy

Pt-Containing Ag2S-Noble Metal Nanocomposites as Highly Active Electrocatalysts for the Oxidation of Formic Acid

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