A Histologic Study of the Gum in Pyorrhea**Aided by grants from the Carnegie Corporation., the American Dental Association and the Associated Radiograph Laboratories.*From the Department of Bacteriology, University of California, Berkeley, University of California Dental School, San Francisco, and California Stomatological Research Group.

Beckwith, T. D.; Simonton, F.V.; Williams, Adrienne J.

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1925.0045

Cited by 18 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…As for vaccinations related to pyorrhea, Beckwith et al (1929) made efforts to inoculate animals with organisms isolated from pyorrheatic pockets (Beckwith et al, 1925(Beckwith et al, , 1929. He compared reactions to heat attenuated plaque derived from humans to boiled plaque samples then inoculated into humans and rabbits.…”

Section: Brief Historical Prospective: Immunology Related To Oral Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysbiosis From a Microbial and Host Perspective Relative to Oral Health and Disease

et al. 2021

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The significance of microbiology and immunology with regard to caries and periodontal disease gained substantial clinical or research consideration in the mid 1960's. This enhanced emphasis related to several simple but elegant experiments illustrating the relevance of bacteria to oral infections. Since that point, the understanding of oral diseases has become increasingly sophisticated and many of the original hypotheses related to disease causality have either been abandoned or amplified. The COVID pandemic has reminded us of the importance of history relative to infectious diseases and in the words of Churchill “those who fail to learn from history are condemned to repeat it.” This review is designed to present an overview of broad general directions of research over the last 60 years in oral microbiology and immunology, reviewing significant contributions, indicating emerging foci of interest, and proposing future directions based on technical advances and new understandings. Our goal is to review this rich history (standard microbiology and immunology) and point to potential directions in the future (omics) that can lead to a better understanding of disease. Over the years, research scientists have moved from a position of downplaying the role of bacteria in oral disease to one implicating bacteria as true pathogens that cause disease. More recently it has been proposed that bacteria form the ecological first line of defense against “foreign” invaders and also serve to train the immune system as an acquired host defensive stimulus. While early immunological research was focused on immunological exposure as a modulator of disease, the “hygiene hypothesis,” and now the “old friends hypothesis” suggest that the immune response could be trained by bacteria for long-term health. Advanced “omics” technologies are currently being used to address changes that occur in the host and the microbiome in oral disease. The “omics” methodologies have shaped the detection of quantifiable biomarkers to define human physiology and pathologies. In summary, this review will emphasize the role that commensals and pathobionts play in their interaction with the immune status of the host, with a prediction that current “omic” technologies will allow researchers to better understand disease in the future.

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Section: Brief Historical Prospective: Immunology Related To Oral Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysbiosis From a Microbial and Host Perspective Relative to Oral Health and Disease

et al. 2021

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Identification of bacteria by studying one section under light microscopy, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy

Saglie

Ferreira

Smith

et al. 1985

J. Elec. Microsc. Tech.

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Bacterial identification, Light microscopy, Scanning electron KEY WORDS microscopy, Tranmission electron microscopy ABSTRACTA method for bacterial identification has been developed by means of studying the same histological sections through several types of microscopy. With this method, one section was processed and analyzed respechvely for light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEMI, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Sections of gingival biopsies were Gram stained and bacteria tentatively identified by LM. Photographs of the sections were taken and presketched transparent acetate sheets (PTAS) were made from the photos. The same section was later prepared for SEM, areas previously thought to contain bacteria were localized by placing the PTAS onto the SEM monitoring screen. The SEM specimens were subsequently processed for TEM, bacteria were located, and micrographs obtained. The results showed that out of ten diseased gingival biopsies observed under the LM, bacteria were found to be present in all the specimens and were identified as both Gram positive and Gram negative. By transferring the section from LM to SEM, the bacteria could be relocated and their morphotype (cocci, rods, etc.) clearly identified in most of the cases. Since cocci may resemble other biological granular structures under SEM, they require further analysis under TEM for additional positive identification. This study demonstrated that the method described here is a useful tool for assessing the presence and identifying bacteria within the gingival tissues.

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A New Method for Bacterial Identification by Studying the Same Section with Light Microscopy and Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy

Saglie

Ferreira

Valentin

1987

Correlative Microscopy in Biology

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Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Dysbiosis From a Microbial and Host Perspective Relative to Oral Health and Disease

Dysbiosis From a Microbial and Host Perspective Relative to Oral Health and Disease

Identification of bacteria by studying one section under light microscopy, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy

A New Method for Bacterial Identification by Studying the Same Section with Light Microscopy and Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy

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