A highly efficient organic sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cells

Hwang, Suyoung; Lee, Jung Ho; Park, Chanmoo; Lee, Hoinglae; Kim, Chaekyu; Park, Chiyoung; Lee, Mi Hyeon; Lee, Wan-In; Park, Ji-Hee; Kim, Kyungkon; Park, Nam Gyu; Kim, Chulhee

doi:10.1039/b709859f

Cited by 437 publications

(224 citation statements)

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“…Different π-conjugated linker groups such as the -C=C-chain, [9][10][11][12][13]16,24 thiophene units (and its derivatives), 11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]26 etc have also been investigated. In particular two types of acceptor/anchor groups, namely cyanoacrylic acid, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and carboxylic acid [27][28][29] are widely used in organic dyes for DSSC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A TD-DFT study of the effects of structural variations on the photochemistry of polyenedyes

et al. 2012

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We report a TD-DFT study of three polyene dyes namely: NKX-2553, NKX-2554 and NKX-2569 in isolation as well as upon their adsorption on TiO 2 nanoparticles. By choosing closely related dyes we wish to focus on the effects of structural variations on the absorption and charge-transfer properties of these systems. These three dyes show a non-intuitive trend in their respective efficiencies and therefore, were chosen to shed light on the structural components that contribute to this behaviour. Although, NKX-2554 has an additional donor group, it is less efficient compared to the simpler NKX-2553 dye that contains only one donor group. When NKX-2554 structure is slightly modified by lengthening the linker-group, one obtains the most efficient dye among this set, namely, NKX-2569. In this work, we show that the changes in the donor moiety has very little or no effect on the efficiency of these dyes as can be seen in the case of NKX-2553 and NKX-2554. On the other hand, the improved performance of NKX-2569-titania complex can be understood to be a result of the longer linker group. A better understanding of these properties within different dye-titania complexes is important for the continual improvement of DSSCs. In this regards, this study will serve to provide guidelines to improve efficiencies of novel organic dyes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the donor moieties, N, N-dimethylaniline group, 9,10 coumarins, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] tetrahydroquinolines, 18,19 pyrrolidine, 20 carbazoles, 21 diphenylamine, 22 triphenylamine, [23][24][25][26] etc have been widely used for the dye synthesis. A linker moiety is a spacer added between the donor and acceptor moieties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A TD-DFT study of the effects of structural variations on the photochemistry of polyenedyes

et al. 2012

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“…4 The electronic and photovoltaic performances of two alkoxy substituted dyes with varying conjugation length (Scheme 1) are presented in this paper.…”

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confidence: 99%

Alkoxy-Substituted Triphenylamine based Chromophores for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Yoo

Kim

Balanay

et al. 2012

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been classified as one of the most promising candidates for widespread solar energy utilization owing to their low cost and relatively high photon to electric current conversion efficiencies (η).1 The performances of these devices depend mainly on the properties of the functionalized organic photosensitizers present. Among photosensitizers, metal-free organic dyes -whose efficiencies have been markedly improved over the yearshave many advantages compared to ruthenium-based dyes. These advantages include their wide selection of compounds that can be easily modified to suit the absorption profile, be more environmentally-friendly and have lower production costs. 2One major flaw of organic dyes is the interaction of the iodine electrolyte with the TiO 2 semiconductor, resulting decreasing the efficiency of the cell. This can be prevented by introducing a bulky hydrophobic group at the periphery of the donor moieties.3 In our research, we attached 2-ethylhexyloxy groups at the triphenylamine moieties in order to minimize the electrolyte-TiO 2 interaction that in turn enhances the electron donating capacity of the donor group and increases the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level for better charge injection.4 The electronic and photovoltaic performances of two alkoxy substituted dyes with varying conjugation length (Scheme 1) are presented in this paper.The synthesis of chromophores 4 5 and 5 6 were achieved from intermediates derived from Wittig, 7 Heck-Mizoroki coupling,8 and Knoevenagel condensation 9 reactions. During the Knoevenagel reaction, it was observed that the purification of the product was hard to achieve when using catalytic amounts of piperidine. However, when stoichiometric amounts of piperidine were used, the product precipitated upon cooling and it could be easily filtered off.The UV-visible spectra of the chromophores in ethanol solution produced a typical red-shift of about 25 nm after styrene was introduced to chromophore 5 (429 nm), compared to chromophore 4 (404 nm) as shown in Figure 1. The red-shift of the absorption spectra in chromophore 5 was due to the increased separation of the donor and acceptor groups brought about by the extension of the π-conjugated moiety. This resulted in better charge-transfer Communications to the Editor characteristics than chromophore 4 based on the HOMO and LUMO isodensity plots shown in Figure 2. Contrary to expectations, the photovoltaic performance of chromophore 5 is 21% lower than chromophore 4 as shown in Table 1. The lower efficiency observed in chromophore 5 is due to the increase in dye aggregation at the semiconductor surface. This can be seen by looking at the amount of absorbed dye, chromophore 5 (100 nmol cm −2 ) was almost 3 times more absorbed compared to chromophore 4 (34 nmol cm −2). The aggregation effect was further confirmed by the absorption spectra of the film (Fig. 1), where the chromophores produced a much broader absorption profile that indicates the presence of aggregation at the ...

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“…12 Diversos trabalhos recentes têm mostrado a viabilidade da substituição dos complexos metálicos por espécies orgânicas com alta absorção na região do visível e que são capazes de atuar como sensibilizadores eficientes. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Nesse sentido, a natureza oferece um grande número de sensibilizadores como taninos, derivados da clorofila e antocianinas, que vêm sendo utilizados em células solares. 25 [38][39][40] Para a preparação dos fotoanodos, filmes de TiO 2 , obtidos a partir da rota sol-gel, 41 foram depositados por meio da técnica painting sobre vidros recobertos com uma camada condutora de óxido de estanho dopado com fluoreto, FTO (R = 10 W/, Pilkington).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Em busca da sustentabilidade: células solares sensibilizadas por extratos naturais

Patrocínio¹,

Iha²

2010

Quím. Nova

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. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-900 São Paulo -SP, BrasilRecebido em 6/3/09; aceito em 28/9/09; publicado na web em 25/2/10 TOWARD SUSTAINABILITY: SOLAR CELLS SENSITIZED BY NATURAL EXTRACTS. The present work reports the use of anthocyanins extracted from mulberry (Morus Alba L.), raspberry (Rubus Idaeus L.) and blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. The conversion efficiency of these devices is dependent on the extracts employed and can be rationalized in terms of their composition and spectral properties. Solar cells sensitized by the mulberry extract showed the highest efficiency among the fruits investigated. Moreover, a 16 cm 2 active area solar cell with the mulberry extract has presented fair good efficiency of conversion for natural dye-based solar cells, besides stability over twenty weeks, showing perspectives for developing these low cost devices with a commercial viability.Keywords: dye sensitized solar cells; anthocyanins; natural extracts. INTRODUÇÃOA sociedade vive atualmente o desafio de desenvolver ações que garantam simultaneamente a manutenção dos ecossistemas ao redor do mundo e a oferta de energia e de insumos à população. O acúmulo de CO 2 na atmosfera e todas as mudanças climáticas associadas a esse fenômeno são indicativos da necessidade de soluções em um prazo relativamente curto. 1-3Uma das metas para promover o desenvolvimento sustentável consiste em diversificar a matriz energética mundial e aumentar a contribuição das fontes renováveis de energia, como energia solar, eólica e biomassa. Dentre as energias renováveis, a energia solar se destaca pela enorme disponibilidade, 3x10 24 J por ano, o que supera o consumo mundial atual de 4.1x10 20 J. 4,5As células solares sensibilizadas por corante, Dye-Cells ® , são uma das possibilidades mais promissoras de aproveitar a energia solar para geração de eletricidade em bases competitivas com o custo atual da energia convencional. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Células solares com eficiências de até 11% vêm sendo preparadas empregando complexos de Ru(II) como sensibilizadores.14 Apesar de eficientes, os complexos de Ru(II) exigem etapas de síntese e purificação, e por isso respondem por grande parte do custo final do dispositivo. Para a preparação dos fotoanodos, filmes de TiO 2 , obtidos a partir da rota sol-gel, 41 foram depositados por meio da técnica painting sobre vidros recobertos com uma camada condutora de óxido de estanho dopado com fluoreto, FTO (R = 10 W/, Pilkington). Após a deposição, os filmes foram secos à temperatura ambiente e sinterizados a 450 ºC por 30 min. Em seguida, foram imersos em uma solução etanólica saturada de N3, ou nos extratos aquosos das frutas já mencionadas. Células fotoeletroquímicas com 0,5 cm 2 de área ativa foram montadas com o fotoanodo e um contraeletrodo numa disposição tipo sanduíche. Como contraeletrodo, utilizou-se outro substrato condutor FTO recoberto com uma fina camada de platina. Como mediador, utilizou-se uma solução de I 3 -/I -(0,03/0,3 mol L -1

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A highly efficient organic sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cells

Cited by 437 publications

References 24 publications

A TD-DFT study of the effects of structural variations on the photochemistry of polyenedyes

A TD-DFT study of the effects of structural variations on the photochemistry of polyenedyes

Alkoxy-Substituted Triphenylamine based Chromophores for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Em busca da sustentabilidade: células solares sensibilizadas por extratos naturais

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