A highly efficient chemical approach to producing green phosphorylated cellulosic macromolecules

Abstract

The introduction of phosphate groups into cellulosic fibers allows for the tuning of their fire resistance, chelating and metal-adhesion properties, enabling the development of flame-retardant adhesive and adsorbent materials.

Phosphorylated cellulose paper as highly efficient adsorbent for cadmium heavy metal ion removal in aqueous solutions

“…The intensive decomposition of cellulosic chains occurs in the second stage in the temperature range of 245–410 °C, and is due to the depolymerization of glycosyl units to volatile species by the cleavage of the main chain. 34 From the DTG curve, it can be seen that the cellulose microfibers show a main degradation peak temperature at around 350 °C. At temperatures above 400 °C, the decomposition (mass loss) is continued without any maximum rate observed ( Fig.…”

Microbial Nanocellulose Biotextiles for a Circular Materials Economy

“…Carbon 1s XPS reveals an increase in carboxyls, esters and anhydrides, observed at binding energies of ∼286.6 (C-O-H), 288.1 (C-O-C), and 289.1 eV (–COOR), respectively. [25] These chemical groups, along with P=O (530.9 eV) and C-O-P bonds (533.5 eV), [26] also modify the O 1s XPS after lecithin tanning ( Figure 4A ).…”

“…Carbon 1s XPS reveals an increase in carboxyls, esters and anhydrides, observed at binding energies of ~286.6 (C-O-H), 288.1 (C-O-C), and 289.1 eV (-COOR), respectively. [25] These chemical groups, along with P=O (530.9 eV) and C-O-P bonds (533.5 eV), [26] also modify the O 1s XPS after lecithin tanning (Figure 4A). Chemical fingerprints of bonding observed with FTIR provide mechanistic insights on modulation of cellulose cross-linking with lecithin tanning (Figure 4B).…”

“…New peaks representative of phosphated cellulose appear for LT, including P=O resonances at 1207.4, 1230 and 1252 cm 1 , and a -P-OH stretch vibration at 898 cm -1 . [26][27][28] Further, enhancement of -OH vibrational peaks characteristic of the cellulose skeleton at 3450-3000 cm 1 and 664 cm -1 , and methyl and methylene resonances, including C-H vibrational bands at 1437-1245 cm -1 and 3000-2853 cm -1 and the C-H deformation (1428, 1370 and 1316 cm −1 ), CH2 (1184-1104 cm -1 ) and C-O-H groups (690 cm -1 ) is observed for LT relative to MC. [27][28][29]] FTIR peak ratios, expressed as the Lateral Order Index (LOI), [30] shows a higher degree of overall order for LT compared to MC throughout the bulk of the material (Table S4, Figure S5).…”

Phosphorylation of Cellulose in the Presence of Urea. Mechanism of Reaction and Reagent Impact.

“…In fact, in all types of phosphorylation processes, fibre degradation is considered an inevitable issue, which directly affects the length of pristine fibers. For instance, (Ablouh et al 2021) phosphorylated cellulose substrate by using the same phosphorylating reagents with a large amount of urea. The latter is considered an essential element to obtain high phosphorylation yield.…”