A Higher Prevalence Rate of Campylobacter in Retail Beef Livers Compared to Other Beef and Pork Meat Cuts

Noormohamed, Aneesa; Fakhr, Mohamed K.

doi:10.3390/ijerph10052058

Cited by 54 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…33,38,41 Furthermore, the prevalence of C. coli in this study is similar to that reported in other countries. 21,62,69,92 The distribution of C. jejuni and C. coli can be influenced by many factors, including seasonality, age of the animal, and geographical locations. For example, Sanad et al 75 reported a higher prevalence of C. coli in cattle fecal samples collected from the Southern United States in comparison to those from Northern, Midwestern, and Eastern regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance ofCampylobacterIsolated from Dressed Beef Carcasses and Raw Milk in Tanzania

Kashoma

Kassem

John

et al. 2016

Microbial Drug Resistance

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Campylobacter species are commonly transmitted to humans through consumption of contaminated foods such as milk and meat. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic determinants of resistance of Campylobacter isolated from raw milk and beef carcasses in Tanzania. The antimicrobial resistance genes tested included bla OXA-61 (ampicillin), aph-3-1 (aminoglycoside), tet(O) (tetracycline), and cmeB (multi-drug efflux pump). The prevalence of Campylobacter was 9.5% in beef carcasses and 13.4% in raw milk, respectively. Using multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we identified 58.1% of the isolates as Campylobacter jejuni, 30.7% as Campylobacter coli, and 9.7% as other Campylobacter spp. One isolate (1.6%) was positive for both C. jejuni and C. coli specific PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion assay and the broth microdilution method showed resistance to: ampicillin (63% and 94.1%), ciprofloxacin (9.3% and 11.8%), erythromycin (53.7% and 70.6%), gentamicin (0% and 15.7%), streptomycin (35.2% and 84.3%), and tetracycline (18.5% and 17.7%), respectively. Resistance to azithromycin (42.6%), nalidixic acid (64.8%), and chloramphenicol (13%) was determined using the disk diffusion assay only, while resistance to tylosin (90.2%) was quantified using the broth microdilution method. The bla OXA-61 (52.6% and 28.1%), cmeB (26.3% and 31.3%), tet(O) (26.3% and 31.3%), and aph-3-1 (5.3% and 3.0%) were detected in C. coli and C. jejuni. These findings highlight the extent of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter occurring in important foods in Tanzania. The potential risks to consumers emphasize the need for adequate control approaches, including the prudent use of antimicrobials to minimize the spread of antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results are comparable to those reported by other investigators. 12,62,64,68,92 Macrolides (erythromycin and tylosin) resistance was primarily associated with most (91.7%) of the MDR isolates. A similar association has been reported in previous studies, although no genetic basis has been described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance ofCampylobacterIsolated from Dressed Beef Carcasses and Raw Milk in Tanzania

Kashoma

Kassem

John

et al. 2016

Microbial Drug Resistance

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“…A total of 552 Campylobacter isolates (281 Campylobacter jejuni and 271 Campylobacter coli ) previously isolated from retail meat samples in our laboratory [21,22] were used for arsenic resistance profiling in this study. The isolates were from chicken ( n = 130), turkey ( n = 19), pork ( n = 6), beef livers ( n = 102), chicken livers ( n = 272), and chicken gizzards ( n = 23).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic Resistance and Prevalence of Arsenic Resistance Genes in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolated from Retail Meats

Noormohamed

Fakhr

2013

IJERPH

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Studies that investigate arsenic resistance in the foodborne bacterium Campylobacter are limited. A total of 552 Campylobacter isolates (281 Campylobacter jejuni and 271 Campylobacter coli) isolated from retail meat samples were subjected to arsenic resistance profiling using the following arsenic compounds: arsanilic acid (4–2,048 μg/mL), roxarsone (4–2048 μg/mL), arsenate (16–8,192 μg/mL) and arsenite (4–2,048 μg/mL). A total of 223 of these isolates (114 Campylobacter jejuni and 109 Campylobacter coli) were further analyzed for the presence of five arsenic resistance genes (arsP, arsR, arsC, acr3, and arsB) by PCR. Most of the 552 Campylobacter isolates were able to survive at higher concentrations of arsanilic acid (512–2,048 μg/mL), roxarsone (512–2,048 μg/mL), and arsenate (128–1,024 μg/mL), but at lower concentrations for arsenite (4–16 μg/mL). Ninety seven percent of the isolates tested by PCR showed the presence of arsP and arsR genes. While 95% of the Campylobacter coli isolates contained a larger arsenic resistance operon that has all of the four genes (arsP, arsR, arsC and acr3), 85% of the Campylobacter jejuni isolates carried the short operon (arsP, and arsR). The presence of arsC and acr3 did not significantly increase arsenic resistance with the exception of conferring resistance to higher concentrations of arsenate to some Campylobacter isolates. arsB was prevalent in 98% of the tested Campylobacter jejuni isolates, regardless of the presence or absence of arsC and acr3, but was completely absent in Campylobacter coli. To our knowledge, this is the first study to determine arsenic resistance and the prevalence of arsenic resistance genes in such a large number of Campylobacter isolates.

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“…Cultural and dietary differences could influence the relative contribution of sources of foodborne disease in France and the United Kingdom. For example, chicken consumption is higher in the United Kingdom (30 kg/person/year) compared to France (25 kg/person/year) (50), where other known infection sources, including ruminant offal and veal (51)(52)(53)(54), form a greater proportion of the diet. Factors associated with food preparation may also be significant, but analysis of a larger data set of French clinical isolates would be necessary to achieve a more representative description of human C. jejuni contamination routes in France.…”

Section: Fig 4 Assignment To Source Of British and French Human Clinimentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification of Host-Segregating Epidemiological Markers for Source Attribution in Campylobacter jejuni

Thépault

Méric

Rivoal

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

110

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Campylobacter is among the most common worldwide causes of bacterial gastroenteritis. This organism is part of the commensal microbiota of numerous host species, including livestock, and these animals constitute potential sources of human infection. Molecular typing approaches, especially multilocus sequence typing (MLST), have been used to attribute the source of human campylobacteriosis by quantifying the relative abundance of alleles at seven MLST loci among isolates from animal reservoirs and human infection, implicating chicken as a major infection source. The increasing availability of bacterial genomes provides data on allelic variation at loci across the genome, providing the potential to improve the discriminatory power of data for source attribution. Here we present a source attribution approach based on the identification of novel epidemiological markers among a reference pan-genome list of 1,810 genes identified by gene-by-gene comparison of 884 genomes of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from animal reservoirs, the environment, and clinical cases. Fifteen loci involved in metabolic activities, protein modification, signal transduction, and stress response or coding for hypothetical proteins were selected as host-segregating markers and used to attribute the source of 42 French and 281 United Kingdom clinical C. jejuni isolates. Consistent with previous studies of British campylobacteriosis, analyses performed using STRUCTURE software attributed 56.8% of British clinical cases to chicken, emphasizing the importance of this host reservoir as an infection source in the United Kingdom. However, among French clinical isolates, approximately equal proportions of isolates were attributed to chicken and ruminant reservoirs, suggesting possible differences in the relative importance of animal host reservoirs and indicating a benefit for further nationalscale attribution modeling to account for differences in production, behavior, and food consumption.IMPORTANCE Accurately quantifying the relative contribution of different host reservoirs to human Campylobacter infection is an ongoing challenge. This study, based on the development of a novel source attribution approach, provides the first results of source attribution in Campylobacter jejuni in France. A systematic analysis using gene-by-gene comparison of 884 genomes of C. jejuni isolates, with a pan-genome list of genes, identified 15 novel epidemiological markers for source attribution. The different proportions of French and United Kingdom clinical isolates attributed to

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A Higher Prevalence Rate of Campylobacter in Retail Beef Livers Compared to Other Beef and Pork Meat Cuts

Cited by 54 publications

References 41 publications

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance ofCampylobacterIsolated from Dressed Beef Carcasses and Raw Milk in Tanzania

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance ofCampylobacterIsolated from Dressed Beef Carcasses and Raw Milk in Tanzania

Arsenic Resistance and Prevalence of Arsenic Resistance Genes in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolated from Retail Meats

Genome-Wide Identification of Host-Segregating Epidemiological Markers for Source Attribution in Campylobacter jejuni

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