A High-Voltage Compliance, 32-Channel Digitally Interfaced Neuromodulation System on Chip

Reich, Stefan; Sporer, Markus; Haas, Michael; Becker, Joachim; Schuttler, Martin; Ortmanns, Maurits

doi:10.1109/jssc.2021.3076510

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Additional circuits can be added for safety or efficiency improvements. Multichannel stimulation systems often implement a modular architecture (Mikawa et al, 2019;Reich et al, 2021;Noorsal et al, 2022), offering several advantages of power, area, and complexity (Mikawa et al, 2019). In a modular architecture, the system is divided into multiple stimulation modules, each containing the essential components for a stimulation channel.…”

Section: Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid neuroelectronics: towards a solution-centric way of thinking about complex problems in neurostimulation tools

Drakopoulou,

Varkevisser,

Sohail

et al. 2023

Front.Electron.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Responsive neuromodulation is increasingly being used to treat patients with neuropsychiatric diseases. Yet, inefficient bridges between traditional and new materials and technological innovations impede advancements in neurostimulation tools. Signaling in the brain is accomplished predominantly by ion flux rather than the movement of electrons. However, the status quo for the acquisition of neural signals is using materials, such as noble metals, that can only interact with electrons. As a result, ions accumulate at the biotic/abiotic interface, creating a double-layer capacitance that increases impedance and negatively impacts the efficiency of neural interrogation. Alternative materials, such as conducting polymers, allow ion penetration in the matrix, creating a volumetric capacitor (two orders of magnitude larger than an area-dependent capacitor) that lowers the impedance and increases the spatiotemporal resolution of the recording/stimulation. On the other hand, the increased development and integration capabilities of CMOS-based back-end electronics have enabled the creation of increasingly powerful and energy-efficient microchips. These include stimulation and recording systems-on-a-chip (SoCs) with up to tens of thousands of channels, fully integrated circuitry for stimulation, signal conditioning, digitation, wireless power and data telemetry, and on-chip signal processing. Here, we aim to compile information on the best component for each building block and try to strengthen the vision that bridges the gap among various materials and technologies in an effort to advance neurostimulation tools and promote a solution-centric way of considering their complex problems.

show abstract

Section: Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid neuroelectronics: towards a solution-centric way of thinking about complex problems in neurostimulation tools

Drakopoulou,

Varkevisser,

Sohail

et al. 2023

Front.Electron.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Currently, the most widely used method of neural stimulation is electrical stimulation [8][9][10][11]. However, electrical stimulation faces two major challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 4-Channel Optogenetic Stimulation, 16-Channel Recording Neuromodulation System with Real-Time Micro-LED Detection Function

Xia,

Zheng,

Wang

et al. 2023

Electronics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neuromodulation techniques are essential for exploring brain science and supporting treatments for neurological disorders. Compared to electrical neuromodulation, optogenetic neuromodulation offers advantages in cell type specificity and spatial precision. However, existing optogenetic neuromodulation systems have limited functionality (unable to simultaneously possess functions including optogenetic stimulation, recording, and micro-LED (micro-Light-Emitting Diode) status monitoring) and will restrict normal biological activities due to their large size. To this end, this paper presents an optogenetic neuromodulation system, including a specified neuromodulation IC (Integrated Circuit) and a customized optrode. The ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) includes a 16-channel neural signal recording module, a 4-channel optogenetic neurostimulator module, and a 4-channel micro-LED detection module. The micro-LED detection module monitors the micro-LED’s long-term status in real time and provides the direct output of its working status for convenient user access. The neuromodulation ASIC was fabricated in the TSMC 65 nm process, and an in situ normal saline experiment was conducted to test the neuromodulation system’s function.

show abstract

“…State of the art (SoA) neuro-recording hardware has evolved rapidly, exhibiting a large variety of architectures ranging from the still popular AC-coupled front-ends [1], [2], over chopperstabilized recorders [3], [4] to direct-digitization front-ends [5], [6], which incorporate the noise-critical first amplifier or Gm-stage into ∆Σor VCO-ADC loops. The latter allows for very power-and area-efficient designs, which partially take advantage of technology scaling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the implementation in [10] allows for local field potentials (LFPs) and APs recording and I stim,max " 4 mA, but the HV-compliance is limited to 5 V, and only square wave stimulation is supported. In contrast, [2] presented a neuromodulation platform featuring serial digital control, HV-compliance of up to 18 V with stimulation currents of up to I stim,max " 10 mA, arbitrary waveform current-and voltagecontrolled stimulation (CCS, CVS), as well as a full-band recorder with various gain and BW settings, state of the art noise performance and on-chip digitization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a prior implementation [2], a 32ch neuromodulator included safety features such as electrode impedance estimation, passive charge balancing and a digital interface with a strict protocol to detect communication errors. However, as there was no independent first-fault-detection mechanism at the electrodes, coupling capacitors were still needed on system level, cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A 32-ch Neuromodulator with redundant Voltage Monitors avoiding Blocking Capacitors

Reich

Sporer

Becker

et al. 2022

ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neural recording and modulation has evolved rapidly in recent years. Closed-loop neuromodulation systems have been successfully demonstrated for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. Chronically implanted medical devices, requiring compliance to rigorous safety regulations, employ numerous safety measures to protect the patient. One such measure to prevent direct current from being applied to the tissue in case of a system failure is typically the usage of external blocking capacitors between the electrodes and the neuromodulator. These capacitors can cause significant magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnetic susceptibility artifacts that appear as a shading effect. This paper presents some of the challenges which arise when evolving neuromodulation hardware from benchtop prototypes to biomedical systems for chronic implantation in humans. We propose a novel safety measure to mitigate the MRI shading issue while still complying to the relevant safety regulations. Furthermore, we propose several additional features that improve the flexibility and usability of a 32-channel neuromodulation platform. The neuromodulator was fabricated in a 180 nm HV CMOS process and realizes a fully digital-to-neural interface.

show abstract

A High-Voltage Compliance, 32-Channel Digitally Interfaced Neuromodulation System on Chip

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Hybrid neuroelectronics: towards a solution-centric way of thinking about complex problems in neurostimulation tools

Hybrid neuroelectronics: towards a solution-centric way of thinking about complex problems in neurostimulation tools

A 4-Channel Optogenetic Stimulation, 16-Channel Recording Neuromodulation System with Real-Time Micro-LED Detection Function

A 32-ch Neuromodulator with redundant Voltage Monitors avoiding Blocking Capacitors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About